Aristotle
Hermippus, drew up catalogue of pupils of Isokrates, 21; probable
author of the catalogue in Diogenes, 34, 35.
Herpyllis, second wife of Aristotle, 17, 18.
Hipparchus, friend of Aristotle, 17.
Hippokrates, his quadrature of the circle, 381.
Hobbes, his definition of Accident, 62.
Homer, made intelligence dependent on sense, 588.
_Homo Mensura_, doctrine of Protagoras, held by Aristotle to be at
variance with Maxim of Contradiction, 430 seq., 580, 587 seq.
Homonymous things, 57.
Homonymy (Equivocation), Fallacy of, 385; how to solve, 407.
Hypereides, executed, 12.
Hypothesis, Syllogisms from, 160, 168; as a principle of
Demonstration, 215, 221.
I.
Iamblichus, defended Aristotle's Categories, 563.
Ideas, Platonic Theory of, not required for Demonstration, 221; as
set forth by Plato himself, 553; psychological ground for, 554;
objections urged against, in Sophistes and Parmenides, 556 seq.;
objections urged by Aristotle against, 558; allusions to in books of
the Metaphysica, 595, 598, 600, 603, 606, 607, 612, 617, 619, 620.
_Idem_, three senses of, 277, 350; a topic in First Philosophy, 584.
Identity, Maxim of, among the _præcognita_ of Demonstration, 212.
Idomeneus, letter to, from Epikurus, 654.
_Ignoratio Elenchi_, Fallacy of, 387; all fallacies may be brought
to, 390; how to solve, 412.
Immortality, not of the individual, 462, 489, 490.
Immoveable, essence, subject of Ontology, also of Mathematics, 423,
593, 619; Prime Movent, 624.
_Impossibile_, _Reductio ad_, _see_ _Reductio_.
Impossible, The, senses of, 638; differs from the False, 638.
Induction, sole proof of the rules for converting propositions, 146,
147; everything believed through Syllogism or upon, 187, 194, 226;
the Syllogism from or out of, 187 seq.; the opposite of genuine
Syllogism, 190; plainer and clearer to us, than Syllogism, 191;
Aristotle's attempt to reduce, to syllogistic form, 192, 193; wanting
in the first requisite of Syllogism--necessity of sequence, 193, 197;
presupposed in Syllogism, 194; the antithesis of, to Syllogism,
obscured by Aristotle's treatment, 198, 199; as part of the whole
process of Scientific Inference, 199, 201; true character of,
apprehended by Aristotle, but not followed out, 199, 200; Logic of,
neglected by the expositors after Aristotle till modern times, 200;
requisites to a Logic of, 201; supplies the premisses of
Demonstration, starting from particulars of sense, 226, 258, 259,
562, 576; repeated and uncontradicted, gives maximum of certainty,
260; process of, culminates in the infallible Noûs, 259-61; procedure
by way of, in Dialectic, 358; most suitable to a young beginner in
Dialectic, 374.
Inductive School, exact question between the, and Sir W. Hamilton,
567.
Infinite, the, exists only potentially, not actually except in a
certain way for our cognition, 615; no body is, 632 seq.
Intellect, _see_ Noûs.
_Intellectus Agens_, relation of, to the _Patiens_, 488, 489; eternal
and immortal, but not in the individual, 488, 489.
_Intellectus Patiens_, relation to the _Agens_, 488, 489; belongs to
and perishes with the individual, 488, 489.
Interpretatione, Treatise de, not named, but its contents
presupposed, in Analytica and Topica, 56; subject of, how related to
subject of Categoriæ, 57, 59, 108, 109; last section of, out of
connection, 134; contains first positive theory of Proposition, 136;
summary of, 139.
Interrogation in Dialectic and in Science, 222.
Irregularity, principle of, in the Kosmos, _see_ Chance.
Isokrates, corresponded with Nikokles, 7, 23; his rhetorical school,
21; his style of composition and teaching, 22; attacked by Aristotle,
24; defended by Kephisodorus, 24.
J.
_Jacere_, Category, 66, 73; sometimes dropt by Aristotle, 74, 80;
entitled with the others to a place, 78; refers primarily to a Man,
79.
Justice, definition of, 531; view of the Pythagoreans respecting,
533.
K.
Kallimachus of Alexandria, drew up tables of authors and their works,
34.
Kallisthenes, recommended by Aristotle to Alexander, 9.
Kallistratus, his skolion on Harmodius and Aristogeiton, 13.
Kassander, pupil of Aristotle, 9.
Kephisodorus, defended Isokrates against Aristotle, 24, 272 n.
Knowledge, of the Universal with error in particulars, 182; three
modes of, 184; two grades of--Absolute, Qualified, 212; of Fact, of
Cause, 223; proper, is of the Universal, 235; versus Opinion, 236,
573.
Kosmos, principles of regularity and irregularity in, 114; _see_
Heaven.
Kratylus refrained from predication, and pointed only with the
finger, 429 n., 580, 590.
L.
La Mennais, on Common Sense, 567.
Lamian War, 12.
Language, significant by convention only, 109; as subservient to the
growth of intellect, 484, 576.
Leukippus, affirmed motion to be eternal, 623; atomic doctrine of,
634.
Life, defined, 453; _see_ Soul.
Light, distinguished from Heavy, 631.
Light, takes no time to travel, 466.
_Loci_, in Dialectic, nature of, 283; distribution of, according to
the four Predicables, 284; bearing on Accident, 285 seq.; bearing on
_Expetenda_ and _Fugienda_ as cases of Accident, 296 seq.; bearing on
Genus, 302 seq.; bearing on Proprium, 313 seq.; bearing on
Definition, 329 seq.; belonging to Sophistic, 382, 403.
Locomotion, Animal, produced by Noûs and Appetite, 493.
Logic, importance of Aristotle's distinction of the Equivocal in, 57;
deals with Ens in what senses, 61; blended with Ontology in the
Categories, 62; connection of, with Psychology, 110; deals with
speech as Enunciative, 111; first presented scientifically by
Aristotle, 130; properly includes discussion of Modals, 130 seq.;
distinction of Contradictory and Contrary fundamental in, 136; use of
examples in, 167; Aristotle's one-sided treatment of, in
subordinating Induction, 200; as combining Induction and Deduction,
201; Mr. J. S. Mill's system of, in relation to Aristotle's, 201;
Aristotle's claim to originality in respect of, 420; line between,
and Ontology, not clearly marked by Aristotle, 422; Sokrates first
broke ground for, 426; subjective point of view chiefly taken by
Aristotle in, 578.
Lucian, uses word "esoteric," 52.
Lucretius, only extant Epikurean writer, 654.
M.
Madvig, his view of "exoteric discourse," 49.
Mathematics, theoretical science, subject of, 423, 593.
Matter, a variety of Cause, 246, 611; joint-factor with Form in the
intellectual generation of the Individual, 445, 598 seq.; and Form,
distinction, of, a capital feature in Aristotle's First Philosophy,
454, 595 seq. (from Metaph. Book Z onwards); relation of, to Form,
455, 456; as the Potential, 455, 615 seq.; various grades of, 456.
Mechanics, place of, in Aristotle's philosophy, 54.
Megarics, allowed no power not in actual exercise, 614.
Memory, Tract on, and Reminiscence, 475; nature of, as distinguished
from Phantasy, 475; distinguished from Reminiscence, 476; phenomena
of, 477.
Menedêmus, disallowed negative propositions, 136.
Meno, Platonic, question as to possibility of learning in, 212.
Menoekeus, letter to, from Epikurus, 654.
Mentor, Persian general, drove Aristotle from Mitylene, 5.
Metaphysics, in modern sense, covers Aristotle's Physica and
Metaphysica, 422.
Metaphysica, name not used by Aristotle, 54, 59; relation of the, to
the Physica, 54, 422; characteristic distinction of the, 422.
Meteorologica, connected with what other works, 54.
Metrodorus, third husband of Aristotle's daughter, 20.
Middle term in Syllogism, literal signification of, 148; how to find
a, 157 seq.; the _Why_ of the conclusion in Demonstration, 219; power
of swiftly divining a, 237; fourfold question as to, in Science, 239;
as Cause, 246.
Mieza, school of Aristotle there, 6.
Mill, Mr. J. S., on the Ten Categories, 90 n.; his system of Logic,
in relation to Aristotle's, 198-201; on indemonstrable truths, 229 n.
Milton, his description of Realism, 552.
Mitylene, Aristotle spent some time there, 4.
Modal Propositions, form of Antiphasis in, 127; excluded by Hamilton
and others from Logic, 130; place of, in Formal Logic vindicated,
131; Aristotle's treatment of, not satisfactory, 133, 138; doctrine
of, related to Aristotle's Ontology and Physics, 133;
disadvantageously mixed up with the Assertory, 138, 143, 154; in
Syllogism, 204.
Modes of Figure, 149; _see_ Figure.
Moon, spherical, 646; motions of, 647.
Motion, Zeno's argument against, paradoxical, 365; the kinds of
local, 593.
_Motus_, under _Opposita_, 104.
Movent, The Immovable Prime, 624 seq.
Music, necessary part of education, 545.
Myrmex, slave or pupil of Aristotle, 19.
N.
Nature, sum of the constant tendencies and sequences within the
Kosmos, 114, 117; objective correlate to the Necessary Proposition in
Logic, 133; Generation from, 598.
Naturalia Parva, complementary to the De Animâ, 54.
Necessary, The, as a mode affecting Antiphasis, 126 seq.; relation
of, to the Possible, 127, 205; a formal mode of Proposition, 131; why
it may be given up as a Mode, 206.
Necessity, in what sense Aristotle denies that all events happen by,
116.
Negation, disjunction of subject and predicate, 111; through what
collocations of the negative particle obtained strictly, 118 seq.,
169; real and apparent, 122; _see_ Contradictory, _Antiphasis_.
Neleus, inherited library of Theophrastus, and carried it away to
Skêpsis, 36; heirs of, buried his library for safety, 36.
Nikanor, son of Proxenus, ward and friend of Aristotle, bore
Alexander's rescript to the Greek cities, 11; executor, and chief
beneficiary, under Aristotle's will, 17-20; married Aristotle's
daughter, 20.
Nikokles, correspondent of Isokrates, 7.
Nikomachus, father of Aristotle, medical author and physician to
Amyntas, 2; son of Aristotle, 17, 18.
Nominalism, main position of, clearly enunciated by Aristotle, 481
n.; scholastic formula of, 555.
_Non Causa pro Causâ_, 388; how to solve, 413.
_Non-Ens_, in the sense of Falsehood, 60, 108; Accident borders on,
98, 593.
_Non per Hoc_, the argument so called, 179; Fallacy of, 388.
Notion, the general, as a cause and creative force, 422.
_Notiora, nobis_ v. _naturâ_, 197, 215, 239, 332.
Noun, function of the, 109, 110, 130; the indefinite, 118, 124.
Noûs, the unit of Demonstration or Science, 231; the _principium_ of
Science or scientific Cognition, 236, 259; unerring, more so even
than Science, 259, 491, 577; stands with Aristotle as terminus and
correlate to the process of Induction, 260, 578; (Noëtic soul)
distinct from, but implying, the lower mental functions, 461, 479;
independent of special bodily organs, 479, 481, 487; how related to
the Celestial Body, 481, 487; the form or correlate of all
cogitables--Form of Forms, 482, 486; limited in its function, as
joined with sentient and nutritive souls, 482, 484; differently
partaken of by man and animals, 483; growth of, 484; not clearly
separated by Aristotle from Phantasy, with which it is in its
exercise bound up, 485; distinguished from Sense, 486; of the Soul,
an unlimited cogitative potentiality, like a tablet not yet written
on, 487, 491; function of, in apprehending the Abstract, 488, 490;
has a formal aspect (_Intellectus Agens_) and a material (_Patiens_),
489; in what sense immortal, 489; in what sense the _principia_ of
Science belong to, 491; analysis, selection, and concentration of
attention, the real characteristics of, 492; Theoretical, Practical,
493; cogitation and _cogitatum_ are identical in, 627.
Number, analogy of Definition to, 611.
Nutritive soul, functions of, 461; origin of, 480.
O.
Objection (_Enstasis_), 202; response to false, in Dialectic, 366.
Ontology, starts from classification of Entia, 59, 61; Science of Ens