"De Bello Gallico" and Other Commentaries

Arduenna Silva, the forest of _Ardenne_, in France, reaching from the Rhine to the city of Tournay, in the low countries; Indutiom[)a]rus conceals in it the infirm and aged, G. v. 3; Caesar crosses it in quest of Ambiorix, G. vi. 29 Arecomici Volcae, Caesar plants garrisons among them, G. vii. 7 Arel[=a]te, or Arel[=a]tum, or Arelas, a city of Gaul, _Arles_. Caesar orders twelve galleys to be built there, C. i. 36 Ar[)i]m[)i]num, a city of Italy, _Rimini_; Caesar having sounded the disposition of his troops, marches thither, C. i. 8 Ar[)i][)o]vistus, king of the Germans, his tyrannical conduct towards the Gauls, G. i. 31; Caesar sends ambassadors to him demanding an interview, _ibid_. 34; he is defeated and driven entirely out of Gaul, _ibid_. 52 Arles, see _Arelate_ Arm[)e]n[)i]a, a country of Asia, divided into the greater or lesser, and now called _Turcomania_ Armorici, the ancient people of Armorica, a part of Gallia Celtica, now _Bretagne_; they assemble in great numbers to attack L. Roscius in his winter quarters, G. v. 53 Arr[=e]t[)i]um, a city of Etruria, in Italy, _Arezzo_; Antony sent thither with five cohorts, C. i. 10 Arverni, an ancient people of France, on the Loire, whose chief city was Arvernum, now _Clermont_, the capital of _Auvergne_; suddenly invaded, and their territories ravaged by Caesar, G. vii. 8 Asculum, a town of Italy, _Ascoli_; Caesar takes possession of it, C. i. 16 Asparagium, a town in Macedonia, unknown; Pompey encamps near it with all his forces, C. iii. 30 Astigi, or Astingi, a people of Andalusia, in Spain Athens, one of the most ancient and noble cities of Greece, the capital of Attica. It produced some of the most distinguished statesmen, orators, and poets that the world ever saw, and its sculptors and painters have been rarely rivalled, never surpassed. No city on the earth has ever exercised an equal influence on the educated men of all ages. It contributes to fit out a fleet for Pompey, C. iii. 3 Atreb[)a]tes, an ancient people of Gaul, who lived in that part of the Netherlands which is now called _Artois_; they furnish fifteen thousand men to the general confederacy of Gaul, G. ii. 4 Attica, a country of Greece, between Achaia and Macedonia, famous on account of its capital, Athens Attuarii, a people of ancient Germany, who inhabited between the Maese and the Rhine, whose country is now a part of the duchy of _Gueldes_ Atuatuca, a strong castle, where Caesar deposited all his baggage, on setting out in pursuit of Ambiorix, G. vi. 32; the Germans unexpectedly attack it, _ibid_. 35 Augustod[=u]num, _Autun_, a very ancient city of Burgundy, on the river Arroux Aulerci Eburovices, a people of Gaul, in the country of _Evreux_, in Normandy Aulerci Brannovices, a people of Gaul, _Morienne_ Aulerci Cenomanni, a people of Gaul, the country of _Maine_ Aulerci Diablintes, a people of Gaul, _le Perche_ Aulerci reduced by P. Crassus, G, ii. 34; massacre their senate, and join Viridovix, G. iii. 17; Aulerci Brannovices ordered to furnish their contingent to the relief of Alesia, G. vii. 7; Aulerci Cenomanni furnish five thousand, _ibid_.; Aulerci Eburovices three thousand, _ibid_. Ausci, a people of Gaul, those of _Auchs_ or _Aux_, in Gascony; they submit to Crassus and send hostages, G. iii. 27 Auset[=a]ni, a people of Spain, under the Pyrenean mountains; they send ambassadors to Caesar, with an offer of submission, C. i. 60 Aux[)i]mum, a town in Italy, _Osimo_, or _Osmo_; Caesar makes himself master of it, C. i. 15 Av[=a]r[)i]cum, a city of Aquitaine, the capital of the Biturigians, _Bourges_; besieged by Caesar, G. vii. 13; and at last taken by storm, _ibid_. 31 Ax[)o]na, the river _Aisne_, Caesar crosses it in his march against the Belgians, G. ii. 5, 6 Bac[=e]nis, a forest of ancient Germany, which parted the Suevi from the Cherusci; by some supposed to be the Forests of _Thuringia_, by others the _Black Forest_; the Suevians encamp at the entrance of that wood, resolving there to await the approach of the Romans, G vi. 10 Bac[)u]lus, P. Sextius, his remarkable bravery, G. vi. 38 Baet[)i]ca, in the ancient geography, about a third part of Spain, containing _Andalusia_, and a part of _Granada_ Bagr[)a]das, a river of Africa, near Ut[)i]ca, the _Begrada_; Curio arrives with his army at that river, C. ii. 38 Bale[=a]res Ins[)u]lae, several islands in the Mediterranean Sea, formerly so called, of which _Majorca_ and _Minorca_ are the chief; the inhabitants famous for their dexterity in the use of the sling, G. ii. 7 Bat[)a]vi, the ancient inhabitants of the island of Batavia Batavia, or Batavorum Insula, _Holland_, a part of which still retains the name of _Betuwe_; formed by the Meuse and the Wal, G. iv. 10 Belgae, the inhabitants of Gallia Belgica. The original Belgae were supposed to be of German extraction; but passing the Rhine, settled themselves in Gaul. The name Belgae belongs to the Cymric language, in which, under the form _Belgiaid_, the radical of which is _Belg_, it signifies warlike; they are the most warlike people of Gaul, G. i. 1; withstand the invasion of the Teutones and Cimbri, G. ii. 4; originally of German extraction, _ibid_.; Caesar obliges them to decamp and return to their several habitations, _ibid_. 11 Belgia, Belgium, or Gallia Belgica, the _Low Countries_, or _Netherlands_ Bellocassi, or Velocasses, a people of Gaul, inhabiting the country of _Bayeux_, in Normandy; they furnish three thousand men to the relief of Alesia, G. vii. 75 Bell[)o]v[)a]ci, an ancient renowned people among the Belgae, inhabiting the country now called _Beauvais_ in France; they furnish a hundred thousand men to the general confederacy of Belgium, G. ii. 4; join in the general defection under Vercingetorix, G. vii. 59; again take up arms against Caesar, viii. 7; but are compelled to submit and sue for pardon Bergea, a city of Macedonia, now called _Veria_ Berones, see _Retones_ Bessi, a people of Thrace, _Bessarabia_; they make part of Pompey's army, C. iii. 4 Bethuria, a region of Hispania Lusitanica, _Estremadura_ Bibracte, a town of Burgundy, now called _Autun_, the capital of the Aedui; Caesar, distressed for want of corn, marches thither to obtain a supply, G. i. 23 Bibrax, a town of Rheims, _Braine_, or _Bresne_; attacked with great fury by the confederate Belgians, G. ii. 6 Bibr[)o]ci, a people of Britain; according to Camden, _the hundred of Bray_, in Berkshire; they send ambassadors to Caesar to sue for peace, G. v. 21 Bib[)u]lus burns thirty of Caesar's ships, C. iii. 8; his hatred of Caesar, _ibid_. 8, 16; his cruelty towards the prisoners that fell into his hands, _ibid_. 14; his death, _ibid_. 18; death of his two sons, _ibid_. 110 Bigerriones, a people of Gaul, inhabiting the country now called _Bigorre,_ in Gascony; they surrender and give hostages to Crassus, G. iii. 27 Bithynia, a country of Asia Minor, adjoining to Troas, over against Thrace, _Becsangial_ Bit[:u]r[)i]ges, a people of Guienne, in France, of the country of _Berry;_ they join with the Arverni in the general defection under Vercingetorix, G. vii. 5 Boeotia, a country in Greece; separated from Attica by Mount Citheron. It had formerly several other names and was famous for its capital, Thebes; it is now called _Stramulipa_ Boii, an ancient people of Germany who, passing the Rhine, settled in Gaul, the _Bourbonnois;_ they join with the Helvetians in their expedition against Gaul, G. i. 5; attack the Romans in flank, _ibid_. 25; Caesar allows them to settle among the Aeduans, _ibid_. 28 Bor[=a]ni, an ancient people of Germany, supposed by some to be the same as the Burii Bosphor[=a]ni, a people bordering upon the Euxine Sea, _the Tartars_ Bosph[)o]rus, two straits of the sea so called, one Bosphorus Thracius, now the _Straits of Constantinople;_ the other Bosphorus Climerius, now the _Straits of Caffa_ Brannov[=i]ces, the people of _Morienne,_ in France Brannovii furnished their contingent to the relief of Alesia, C. vii. 75 Bratuspant[)i]um, a city of Gaul, belonging to the Bellov[)a]ci, _Beauvais;_ it submits, and obtains pardon from Caesar, G. ii. 13 Bridge built by Caesar over the Rhine described, G. iv. 7 Br[)i]tannia, Caesar's expedition thither, G. iv. 20; description of the coast, 23; the Romans land in spite of the vigorous opposition of the islanders, 26; the Britons send ambassadors to Caesar to desire a peace, which they obtain on delivery of hostages, 27; they break the peace on hearing that Caesar's fleet was destroyed by a storm, and set upon the Roman foragers, 30; their manner of fighting in chariots; they fall upon the Roman camp, but are repulsed, and petition again for peace, which Caesar grants them, 33-35; Caesar passes over into their island a second time, v. 8; drives them from the woods where they had taken refuge, 9; describes their manners and way of living, 12; defeats them in several encounters, 15-21; grants them a peace, on their giving hostages, and agreeing to pay a yearly tribute, 22 Brundusium, a city of Italy, _Brindisi._ By the Greeks it was called [Greek: Brentesion], which in the Messapian language signified a stag's head, from the resemblance which its different harbours and creeks bore to that object; Pompey retires thither with his forces, C. i. 24; Caesar lays siege to it, 26; Pompey escapes from it by sea, upon which it immediately surrenders to Caesar, 28; Libo blocks up the port with a fleet, C. iii. 24; but by the valour of Antony is obliged to retire, _ibid_. Brutii, a people of Italy, _the Calabrians._ They were said to be runaway slaves and shepherds of the Lucanians, who, after concealing themselves for a time, became at last numerous enough to attack their masters, and succeeded at length in gaining their independence. Their very name is said to indicate that they were revolted slaves: [Greek: Brettious gar kalousi apostatas], says Strabo, speaking of the Lucanians Br[=u]tus, appointed to command the fleet in the war against the people of Vannes, G. iii. 11; engages and defeats at sea the Venetians, 14; and also the people of Marseilles, C. i. 58; engages them a second time with the same good fortune, ii. 3 Bullis, a town in Macedonia, unknown; it sends ambassadors to Caesar with an offer of submission, C. iii. 12 Buthr[=o]tum, a city of Epirus, _Butrinto,_ or _Botronto_ Byzantium, an ancient city of Thrace, called at different times Ligos, Nova Roma, and now _Constantinople_ Cabill[=o]num, a city of ancient Gaul, _Chalons sur Sa[^o]ne_ Cad[=e]tes, a people of Gaul, unknown Cadurci, a people of Gaul, inhabiting the country of _Quercy_ Caeraesi, a people of Belgic Gaul, inhabiting the country round Namur; they join in the general confederacy of Belgium against Caesar, G. i. 4 Caesar, hastens towards Gaul, C. i. 7; refuses the Helvetians a passage through the Roman province, _ibid_.; his answer to their ambassadors, 14; defeats and sends them back into their own country, 25-27; sends ambassadors to Ariovistus, 34; calls a council of war: his speech, 40; begins his march, 41; his speech to Ariovistus, 43; totally routs the Germans, and obliges them to repass the Rhine, 53; his war with the Belgians, ii. 2; reduces the Suessi[)o]nes and Bellov[)a]ci, 12, 13; his prodigious slaughter of the Nervians, 20-27; obliges the Atuatici to submit, 32; prepares for the war against the Venetians, iii. 9; defeats them in a naval engagement, and totally subdues them, 14, 15; is obliged to put his army into winter quarters, before he can complete the reduction of the Menapians and Morini, 29; marches to find out the Germans; his answer to their ambassadors, iv. 8; attacks them in their