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"De Bello Gallico" and Other Commentaries

Julius Caesar

of the Allobr[)o]ges Gen[=u]sus, a river of Macedonia, uncertain Gerg[=o]via, the name of two cities in ancient Gaul, the one belonging to the Boii, the other to the Arverni. The latter was the only Gallic city which baffled the attacks of Caesar Gerg[=o]via of the Averni, Vercingetorix expelled thence by Gobanitio, G. vii. 4; the Romans attacking it eagerly, are repulsed with great slaughter, 50 Gerg[=o]via of the Boii, besieged in vain by Vercingetorix, G. vii. 9 Germania, _Germany_, one of the largest countries of Europe, and the mother of those nations which, on the fall of the Roman empire, conquered all the rest. The name appears to be derived from _wer_, war, and _man_, a man, and signifies the country of warlike men Germans, habituated from their infancy to arms, G. i. 36; their manner of training their cavalry, 48; their superstition 50; defeated by Caesar, 53; their manners, religion, vi. 23; their huge stature and strength, G. i. 39 G[=e]tae, an ancient people of Scythia, who inhabited betwixt Moesia and Dacia, on each side of the Danube. Some think their country the same with the present _Walachia_, or _Moldavia_ Getulia, a province in the kingdom of Morocco, in Barbary Gomphi, a town in Thessaly, _Gonfi_, refusing to open its gates to Caesar, is stormed and taken, C. iii. 80 Gord[=u]ni, a people of Belgium, the ancient inhabitants of _Ghent_, according to others of _Courtray_; they join with Ambiorix in his attack of Cicero's camp, G. v. 39 Got[=i]ni, an ancient people of Germany, who were driven out of their country by Maroboduus Graecia, _Greece,_ a large part of Europe, called by the Turks _Rom[=e]lia,_ containing many countries, provinces, and islands, once the nursery of arts, learning, and sciences Graioc[)e]li, see _Garoceli_ Grudii, the inhabitants about _Louvaine,_ or, according to some, about _Bruges;_ they join with Ambiorix in his attack of Cicero's camp, G. v. 39 Gugerni, a people of ancient Germany, who dwelt on the right banks of the Rhine, between the Ubii and the Batavi Gutt[=o]nes, or Gyth[=o]nes, an ancient people of Germany, inhabiting about the Vistula Haemus, a mountain dividing Moesia and Thrace, _Argentaro_ Haliacmon, a river of Macedonia, uncertain; Scipio leaves Favonius with orders to build a fort on that river, C. iii. 36 Har[=u]des, or Har[=u]di, a people of Gallia Celtica, supposed to have been originally Germans: and by some to have inhabited the country about _Constance_ Helv[=e]tia, _Switzerland,_ now divided into thirteen cantons Helv[=e]tii, _the Helvetians, or Switzers,_ ancient inhabitants of the country of _Switzerland;_ the most warlike people of Gaul, G. i. 1; their design of abandoning their own country, 2; attacked with considerable loss near the river Sa[^o]ne, 12; vanquished and obliged to return home by Caesar, 26 Helvii, an ancient people of Gaul, inhabiting the country now possessed by the _Vivarois;_ Caesar marches into their territories, G. vii. 7 Heracl[=e]a, a city of Thrace, on the Euxine Sea, _Pantiro_ Heracl[=e]a Sent[)i]ca, a town in Macedonia, _Chesia_ Hercynia Silva, _the Hercinian Forest,_ the largest forest of ancient Germany, being reckoned by Caesar to have been sixty days' journey in length, and nine in breadth. Many parts of it have been since cut down, and many are yet remaining; of which, among others, is that called the _Black Forest;_ its prodigious extent, G. vi. 4 Hermand[=u]ri, an ancient people of Germany, particularly in the country now called _Misnia,_ in Upper Saxony; though they possessed a much larger tract of land, according to some, all _Bohemia_ Hermin[)i]us Mons, a mountain of _Lusitania, Monte Arm[)i]no;_ according to others, _Monte della Strella_ Her[)u]li, an ancient northern people, who came first out of Scandavia, but afterwards inhabited the country now called _Mecklenburg_ in Lower Saxony, towards the Baltic Hibernia, _Ireland,_ a considerable island to the west of Great Britain, G. v. 13 Hisp[=a]n[)i]a, Spain, one of the most considerable kingdoms of Europe, divided by the ancients into Tarraconensis, Baetica, and Lusitania. This name appears to be derived from the Phoenician _Saphan,_ a rabbit, vast numbers of these animals being found there by the Phoenician colonists Ib[=e]rus, a river of Hispania Tarraconensis, the _Ebro,_ C. i. 60 Iccius, or Itius Portus, a seaport town of ancient Gaul; _Boulogne,_ or, according to others, _Calais_ Ig[)i]l[)i]um, an island in the Tuscan Sea, _il Giglio, l'Isle du Lys_ Ig[)u]v[)i]um, a city of Umbria in Italy, _Gubio;_ it forsakes Pompey, and submits to Caesar, C. i. 12 Illurgavonenses, a people of Hispania Tarraconensis, near the Iberus; they submit to Caesar, and supply him with corn, C. i. 60 Illurgis, a town of Hispania Baetica, _Illera_ Induti[)o]m[)a]rus, at the head of a considerable faction among the Treviri, G. v. 3; endeavouring to make himself master of Labienus's camp, is repulsed and slain, 53 Is[)a]ra, the _Is[`e]re,_ a river of France, which rises in Savoy, and falls into the Rhone above Valance Isauria, a province anciently of Asia Minor, now a part of _Caramania,_ and subject to the Turks Issa (an island of the Adriatic Sea, _Lissa_), revolts from Caesar at the instigation of Octavius, C. iii. 9 Ister, that part of the Danube which passed by Illyricum Istr[)i]a, a country now in Italy, under the Venetians, bordering on Illyricum, so called from the river Ister Istr[)o]p[)o]lis, a city of Lower Moesia, near the south entrance of the Danube, _Prostraviza_ It[)a]l[)i]a, _Italy,_ one of the most famous countries in Europe, once the seat of the Roman empire, now under several princes, and free commonwealths It[)a]l[)i]ca, a city of Hispania Baetica, _Servila la Veja;_ according to others, _Alcala del Rio;_ shuts its gates against Varro, C. ii. 20 Itius Portus, Caesar embarks there for Britain, G. v. 5 It[=u]raea, a country of Palestine, _Sacar_ Jacet[=a]ni, or Lacet[=a]ni, a people of Spain, near the Pyrenean Mountains; revolt from Afranius and submit to Caesar, C. i. 60 Jadert[=i]ni, a people so called from their capital Jadera, a city of Illyricum, _Zara_ Juba, king of Numidia, strongly attached to Pompey, C. ii. 25; advances with a large army to the relief of Utica, 36; detaches a part of his troops to sustain Sabura, 40; defeats Cario, ii. 42; his cruelty, ii. 44 J[=u]ra, a mountain in Gallia Belgica, which separated the Sequani from the Helvetians, most of which is now called _Mount St. Claude._ The name appears to be derived from the Celtic, _jou-rag,_ which signifies the "domain of God;" the boundary of the Helvetians towards the Sequani, G. i. 2 Labi[=e]nus, one of Caesar's lieutenants, is attacked in his camp, G. v. 58, vi. 6; his stratagem, G. vii. 60; battle with the Gauls, G. vii. 59; is solicited by Caesar's enemies to join their party, G. viii. 52; built the town of Cingulum, C. i. 15; swears to follow Pompey, C. iii. 13; his dispute with Valerius about a peace, C. iii. 19; his cruelty towards Caesar's followers, C. iii. 71; flatters Pompey, C. iii. 87 Lacus B[)e]n[=a]cus, _Lago di Guardo,_ situated in the north of Italy, between Verona, Brescia, and Trent Lacus Lem[)a]nus, the lake upon which Geneva stands, formed by the River Rhone, between _Switzerland_ to the north, and Savoy to the south, commonly called the _Lake of Geneva_, G. i. 2, 8 Larin[=a]tes, the people of Larinum, a city of Italy, _Larino_; C. i. 23 Larissa, the principal city of Thessaly, a province of Macedonia, on the river Peneo L[)a]t[=i]ni, the inhabitants of Latium, an ancient part of Italy, whence the Latin tongue is so called Lat[=o]br[)i]gi, a people of Gallia Belgica, between the Allobroges and Helvetii, in the country called _Lausanne_; abandon their country, G. i. 5; return, G. i. 28; their number, G. i. 29 Lemnos, an island in the Aegean Sea, now called _Stalimane_ Lemov[=i]ces, an ancient people of Gaul, _le Limosin_, G. vii. 4 Lemov[=i]ces Armorici, the people of _St. Paul de Leon_ Lenium, a town in Lusitania, unknown Lent[)u]lus Marcellinus, the quaestor, one of Caesar's followers, C. iii. 62 Lentulus and Marcellus, the consuls, Caesar's enemies, G. viii. 50; leave Rome through fear of Caesar, C. i. 14 Lenunc[)u]li, fishing-boats, C. ii. 43 Lepontii, a people of the Alps, near the valley of _Leventini_, G. iv. 10 Leuci, a people of Gallia Belgica, where now Lorrain is, well skilled in darting. Their chief city is now called _Toul_, G. i. 40 Lev[)a]ci, a people of Brabant, not far from Louvain, whose chief town is now called _Leew_; dependants on the Nervii, G. v. 39 Lex, law of the Aedui respecting the election of magistrates, G. vii. 33 Lex, Julian law, C. ii. 14 Lex, the Pompeian law respecting bribery, C. iii. 1 Lex, two Caelian laws, C. iii. 20, 21 Lexovii, an ancient people of Gaul, _Lisieux_ in Normandy, G. iii. 11, 17 Liberty of the Gauls, G. iii. 8; the desire of, G. v. 27; the sweetness of, G. iii. 10; the incitement to, G. vii. 76; C. i. 47 Libo, praefect of Pompey's fleet, C. iii. 5; converses with Caesar at Oricum, C. iii. 16; takes possession of the Island at Brundisium, C. iii. 23; threatens the partisans of Caesar, C. iii. 24; withdraws from Brundisium, _ibid_. Liburni, an ancient people of Illyricum, inhabiting part of the present _Croatia_ Liger, or Ligeris, the _Loire_; one of the greatest and most celebrated rivers of France, said to receive one hundred and twelve rivers in its course; it rises in Velay, and falls into the Bay of Aquitain, below Nantz, G. iii. 5 Lig[)u]ria, a part of ancient Italy, extending from the Apennines to the Tuscan Sea, containing _Ferrara_, and the territories of _Genoa_ Limo, or Lim[=o]num, a city of ancient Gaul, _Poitiers_ Ling[)o]nes, a people of Gallia Belgica, inhabiting in and about _Langres_, in Champagne, G. i. 26, 40 Liscus, one of the Aedui, accuses Dumnorix to Caesar, G. i. 16, 17 Lissus, an ancient city of Macedonia, _Alessio_ Litavicus, one of the Aedui, G. vii. 37; his treachery and flight, G. vii. 38 Lucani, an ancient people of Italy, inhabiting the country now called _Basilicate_ Luceria, an ancient city of Italy, _Lucera_ Lucretius Vespillo, one of Pompey's followers, C. iii. 7 Lucterius or Laterius, one of the Cadurci, vii. 5, 7 Lusit[=a]nia, _Portugal_, a kingdom on the west of Spain, formerly a part of it Lusitanians, light-armed troops, C. i. 48 Lutetia, _Paris_, an ancient and famous city, now the capital of all France, on the river _Seine_ Lygii, an ancient people of Upper Germany, who inhabited the country now called _Silesia_, and on the borders of _Poland_ M[)a]c[)e]d[=o]nia, a large country, of great antiquity and fame, containing several provinces, now under the Turks Macedonian cavalry among Pompey's troops, C. iii. 4 Mae[=o]tis Palus, a vast lake in the north part of Scythia, now called _Marbianco_, or _Mare della Tana_. It is about six hundred miles in compass, and the river Tanais disembogues itself into it Maget[)o]br[)i]a, or Amagetobria, a city of Gaul, near which Ariovistus defeated the combined forces of the Gauls. It is supposed to correspond to the modern _Moigte de Broie_, near the village of _Pontailler_ Mandub[)i]i, an ancient people of Gaul, _l'Anxois_, in Burgundy; their famine and misery, G. vii. 78 Mandubratius, a Briton, G. v. 20 Marcellus, Caesar's enemy, G. viii 53 Marcius Crispus, is sent for a protection to the inhabitants of Thabena Marcomanni, a nation of the Suevi, whom Cluverius places between the Rhine, the Danube and the Neckar; who settled, however, under Maroboduus, in _Bohemia_ and _Moravia_. The name Marcomanni signifies