"De Bello Gallico" and Other Commentaries

ancient Provincia, which in its full extent included the departments of Pyr['e]n['e]es-Orientales, l'Arri[`e]ge, Aude[**Note: misprint "Ande" in the original], Haute Garonne, Tarn, Herault, Gard, Vaucluse, Bouches-du- Rh[^o]ne, Var, Basses-Alpes, Hautes-Alpes, La Dr[^o]me, l'Is[`e]re, l'Ain Prusa, or Prusas, _Bursa_, a city of Bithynia, at the foot of Olympus, built by Hannibal Ptolemaeius, Caesar interferes between him and Cleopatra, C. iii. 107; his father's will, C. iii. 108; Caesar takes the royal youth into his power, C. iii. 109 Pt[)o]l[)e]m[=a]is, an ancient city of Africa, _St. Jean d'Acre_ Publius Attius Varus, one of Pompey's generals, C. ii. 23 Pyrenaei Montes, the _Pyrenees_, or _Pyrenean mountains_, one of the largest chains of mountains in Europe, which divide Spain from France, running from east to west eighty-five leagues in length. The name is derived from the _Celtic Pyren_ or _Pyrn_, a high mountain, hence also Brenner, in the Tyrol Ravenna, a very ancient city of Italy, near the coast of the Adriatic Gulf, which still retains its ancient name. In the decline of the Roman empire, it was sometimes the seat of the emperors of the West; as it was likewise of the Visi-Gothic kingdom, C. i. 5 Raur[=a]ci, a people of ancient Germany, near the Helvetii, who inhabited near where _Basle_ in Switzerland now is; they unite with the Helvetii, and leave home, G. i. 5, 29 Rebilus, one of Caesar's lieutenants, a man of great military experience, C. ii. 34 Remi, the people of _Rheims_, a very ancient, fine, and populous city of France, in the province of Champagne, on the river Vesle; surrender to Caesar, G. ii. 3; their influence and power with Caesar, G. v. 54; vi. 64; they fall into an ambuscade of the Bellovaci, G. viii. 12 Rh[-e][)d]ones, an ancient people of Gaul inhabiting about _Rennes,_ in Bretagne; they surrender to the Romans, G. ii. 34 Rhaetia, the country of the _Grisons,_ on the Alps, near the Hercynian Forest Rhenus, the _Rhine,_ a large and famous river in Germany, which it formerly divided from Gaul. It springs out of the Rhaetian Alps, in the western borders of Switzerland, and the northern of the Grisons, from two springs which unite near Coire, and falls into the Meuse and the German Ocean, by two mouths, whence Virgil calls it Rhenus bicornis. It passes through Lacus Brigantinus, or the Lake of Constance, and Lacus Acronius or the Lake of Zell, and then continues its westerly direction to Basle (Basiliae). It then bends northward, and separates Germany from France, and further down Germany from Belgium. At Schenk the Rhine sends off its left-hand branch, the Vahalis (Waal), by a western course to join the Mosa or Meuse. The Rhine then flows on a few miles, and again separates into two branches--the one to the right called the Flevo, or Felvus, or Flevum--now the Yssel, and the other called the Helium, now the _Leek_. The latter joins the Mosa above Rotterdam. The Yssel was first connected with the Rhine by the canal of Drusus. It passed through the small lake of Flevo before reaching the sea which became expanded into what is now called the Zuyder Zee by increase of water through the Yssel from the Rhine. The whole course of the Rhine is nine hundred miles, of which six hundred and thirty are navigable from Basle to the sea.--G. iv. 10, 16, 17; vi. 9, etc.; description of it, G. iv. 10 Rh[)o]d[)a]nus, the _Rhone_, one of the most celebrated rivers of France, which rises from a double spring in Mont de la Fourche, a part of the Alps, on the borders of Switzerland, near the springs of the Rhine. It passes through the Lacus Lemanus, Lake of Geneva, and flows with a swift and rapid current in a southern direction into the Sinus Gallicus, or Gulf of Lyons. Its whole course is about four hundred miles Rhod[)o]pe, a famous mountain of Thrace, now called _Valiza_ Rh[)o]dus, Rhodes, a celebrated island in the Mediterranean, upon the coast of Asia Minor, over against Caria Rhynd[)a]gus, a river of Mysia in Asia, which falls into the Propontis R[)o]ma, _Rome_, once the seat of the Roman empire, and the capital of the then known world, now the immediate capital of Camagna di Roma only, on the river Tiber, and the papal seat; generally supposed to have been built by Romulus, in the first year of the seventh Olympiad, B.C. 753 Roscillus and Aegus, brothers belonging to the Allobroges, revolt from Caesar to Pompey, C. iii. 59 Roxol[-a]ni, a people of Scythia Europaea, bordering upon the Alani; their country, anciently called Roxolonia, is now _Red Russia_ R[)u]t[-e]ni, an ancient people of Gaul, to the north-west of the Volcae Arecomici, occupying the district now called Le Rauergne. Their capital was Segodunum, afterwards Ruteni, now Rhodes, G. i. 45; vii. 7, etc. S[=a]bis, _the Sambre_, a river of the Low Countries, which rises in Picardy, and falls into the Meuse at Namur, G. ii. 16, 18; vi. 33 Sabura, general of king Juba, C. ii. 38; his stratagem against Curio, C. ii. 40; his death, C. ii. 95 Sadales, the son of king Cotys, brings forces to Pompey, C. iii. 4 Salassii, an ancient city of Piedmont, whose chief town was where now _Aosta_ is situate Salluvii, _Sallyes_, a people of Gallia Narbonensis, about where _Aix_ now is Sal[=o]na, an ancient city of Dalmatia, and a Roman colony; the place where Dioclesian was born, and whither he retreated, after he had resigned the imperial dignity S[=a]lsus, a river of Hispania Baetica, _Rio Salado_, or _Guadajos_ S[)a]m[)a]r[:o]br[=i]va, _Amiens_, an ancient city of Gallia Belgica, enlarged and beautified by the emperor Antoninus Pius, now Amicus, the chief city of Picardy, on the river Somme; assembly of the, Gauls held there, G. v. 24 S[=a]nt[)o]nes, the ancient inhabitants of _Guienne_, or _Xantoigne_, G. i. 10 S[=a]rd[)i]n[)i]a, a large island in the Mediterranean, which in the time of the Romans had forty-two cities, it now belongs to the Duke of Savoy, with the title of king S[=a]rm[=a]t[)i]a, a very large northern country, divided into Sarmatia Asiatica, containing _Tartary, Petigora, Circassia_, and the country of the _Morduitae_; and Sarmatia Europaea, containing _Russia_, part of _Poland, Prussia_, and _Lithuania_ Savus, the _Save_, a large river which rises in Upper Carniola, and falls into the Danube at Belgrade Scaeva, one of Caesar's centurions, displays remarkable valour, C. iii. 5 3; his shield is pierced in two hundred and thirty places Sc[=a]ldis, the _Scheld_, a noted river in the Low Countries, which rises in Picardy, and washing several of the principal cities of Flanders and Brabant in its course, falls into the German Ocean by two mouths, one retaining its own name, and the other called the _Honte_. Its whole course does not exceed a hundred and twenty miles. G. vi. 33 Scandinav[)i]a, anciently a vast northern peninsula, containing what is yet called _Schonen_, anciently Scania, belonging to _Denmark_; and part of _Sweden_, _Norway_, and _Lapland_ Scipio, his opinion of Pompey and Caesar, C. i. 1, 21; his flight, C. iii. 37 S[)e]d[=u]l[)i]us, general of the Lemovices; his death, G. vii. 38 S[=e]d[=u]ni, a people of Gaul, to the south-east of the Lake of Geneva, occupying the upper part of the Valais. Their chief town was Civitus Sedunorum, now _Sion_, G. iii. i S[=e]d[=u]s[)i]i, an ancient people of Germany, on the borders of Suabia, G. i. 51 S[=e]gni, an ancient German nation, neighbours of the Condrusi, _Zulpich_ S[=e]g[=o]nt[)i][=a]ci, a people of ancient Britain, inhabiting about Holshot, in Hampshire, G. v. 21 Segovia, a city of Hispania Baetica, _Sagovia la Menos_ S[)e]g[=u]s[)i][=a]ni, a people of Gallia Celtica, about where _Lionois Forest_ is now situate Sen[)o]nes, an ancient nation of the Celtae, inhabiting the country about the _Senonois_, in Gaul Sequ[)a]na, the _Seine_, one of the principal rivers of France, which rising in the duchy of Burgundy, not far from a town of the same name, and running through Paris, and by Rouen, forms at Candebec a great arm of the sea Sequ[)a]ni, an ancient people of Gallia Belgica, inhabiting the country now called the _Franche Comt['e]_, or the _Upper Burgundy_; they bring the Germans into Gaul, G. vi. 12; lose the chief power, _ibid_. Servilius the consul, C. iii. 21 S[=e]s[=u]v[)i]i, an ancient people of Gaul, inhabiting about _Seez_; they surrender to the Romans, G. ii. 34 Sextus Bibaculus, sick in the camp, G. vi. 38; fights bravely against the enemy, _ibid_. Sextus Caesar, C. ii. 20 Sextus, Quintilius Varus, qaestor, C. i. 23; C. ii. 28 Sib[=u]z[=a]tes, an ancient people of Gaul, inhabiting the country around the _Adour_; they surrender to the Romans, G. iii. 27 Sicil[)i]a, _Sicily_, a large island in the Tyrrhene Sea, at the south-west point of Italy, formerly called the storehouse of the Roman empire, it was the first province the Romans possessed out of Italy, C. i. 30 S[)i]c[)o]ris, a river in Catalonia, the _Segre_ S[)i]g[)a]mbri, or S[)i]c[)a]mbri, an ancient people of Lower Germany, between the Maese and the Rhine, where _Cuelderland_ is; though by some placed on the banks of the Maine, G. iv. 18 Silicensis, a river of Hispania Baetica, _Rio de las Algamidas_. Others think it a corruption from _Singuli_ Sinuessa, a city of Campania, not far from the Save, an ancient Roman colony, now in a ruinous condition; _Rocca di Mondragon['e]_ Soldurii, G. iii. 22 S[)o]t[)i][=a]tes, or Sontiates, an ancient people of Gaul, inhabiting the country about _Aire_; conquered by Caesar Aquillus, G. iii. 20, 21 Sp[=a]rta, a city of Peloponnesus, now called _Mucithra_, said to be as ancient as the days of the patriarch Jacob Spolet[)i]um, _Spoleto_, a city of great antiquity, of Umbria, in Italy, the capital of a duchy of the same name, on the river Tesino, where are yet some stately ruins of ancient Roman and Gothic edifices Statius Marcus, one of Caesar's lieutenants, C. iii. i 5 S[)u][=e]ss[)i][=o]nes, an ancient people of Gaul, _les Soissanois_; a kindred tribe with the Remi, G. ii. 3; surrender to Caesar, G. iii. 13 Su[=e]vi, an ancient, great, and warlike people of Germany, who possessed the greatest part of it, from the Rhine to the Elbe, but afterwards removed from the northern parts, and settled about the Danube; and some marched into Spain, where they established a kingdom, the greatest nation in Germany, G. i. 37, 51, 54; hold a levy against the Romans, G. iv. 19; the Germans say that not even the gods are a match for them, G. iii. 7; the Ubii pay them tribute, G. iv. 4 S[=u]lmo, an ancient city of Italy, _Sulmona_; its inhabitants declare in favour of Caesar, C. i. 18 Sulpicius, one of Caesar's lieutenants, stationed among the Aedui, C. i. 74 Supplications decreed in favour of Caesar on several occasions, G. ii. 15; _ibid_. 35; iv. 38 Suras, one of the Aeduan nobles, taken prisoner, G. viii. 45 Sylla, though a most merciless tyrant, left to the tribunes the right of giving protection, C. i. 5, 73 Syrac[=u]sae, _Saragusa_, once one of the noblest cities of Sicily, said to have been built by Archias, a Corinthian, about seven hundred years before Christ. The Romans besieged and took it during the second Punic war, on which occasion the great Archimedes was killed S[=y]rtes, _the Deserts of Barbary_; also two dangerous sandy gulfs in the Mediterranean, upon the coast of Barbary, in Africa, called the one Syrtis Magna, now the _Gulf of Sidra_; the other Syrtis Parva, now the _Gulf of Capes_ T[)a]m[)e]sis, the _Thames_, a celebrated and well-known river of Great Britain; Caesar crosses it, G. v. 18 Tan[)a]is, the _Don_, a very large river in Scythia, dividing Asia from