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Fiue hundred pointes of good husbandrie

Thomas Tusser

Bestowe, 16/34, _v. imp._ place, arrange. Betanie, 45/3, _s._ the plant Betony, _Betonica officinalis_, Linn. Betwix, 74/2, _adv._ between. A.S. _betwix_. Bewraies, 108/4, _v. pr. t._ betrays. Bex, 37/12, _s. pl._ beaks. Fr. _bec_, pl. _becs_. Biefe, 21/11, _s._ beef. Big, 33/36, _s._ teat, pap. A.S. _bige_, a bosom.--Bailey's Dict. 1735. It also occurs in Gifford's Dialogue on Witches, 1603. Bil, 17/8; Bill, 33/22, _s._ billhook. Bilde, 95/6, _v._ build. Billet, 53/12, _s._ chopped-up wood. Bin, 107/1, _pp._ been. Blabs, 100/3, _s. pl._ chatterboxes, talkative persons. "_Cacqueteur, babillard, baquenaudier, bavard_. A _blab_, a long tongue: one that telleth whatsoever he heareth."--Nomenclator, 1585. Blade, 19/14, _s._ blades of grass. Blaze, 108/4, _v._ spread abroad the report of, blaze abroad. Cf. Spenser, F. Q., I. xi. 7. A.S. _blæsan_, to blow. Blenge, 100/3, _v._ blenge, mix. Blessed thistle, 44/1, _s._ so called from its supposed power of counteracting the effects of poison; _Carduus benedictus_. Blew, 43/3, _adj._ blue. Blindfild, 90/3, _adj._ blindfold. Blisse, 2/3, _v._ bless, praise. Block in the fier, 10/57, a block of wood in the fire. Blocks, 17/11, _s. pl._ blocks of wood, trunks and stumps of trees. Bloodwoort, 39/4, _s._ bloody-veined dock, _Rumex sanguineus_. Blouse, 16/37, _s._ red-faced wife or girl. "A girl or wench whose face looks red by running abroad in the wind and weather is called a _blouz_, and said to have a _blouzing_ colour. "--Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. See also Thoresby's Letter to Ray, E.D. Soc. B. 17. Blowne, 2/10, _pp._ reported. Bobbed, 114/5, _pp._ pouting. Boddle, 51/11, _s._ "a weed like the Mayweed, but bears a large yellow flower."--T.R. From Dutch _buidel_, a purse, because it bears _gools_ or _goldins_, gold coins, Dutch _gulden_, a punning allusion to its yellow flowers. Boies, 57/34, _s. pl._ boys. Bold, 2/9, _v. pt. t._ embolden, encourage. Bold, 63/22, _adj._ proud. Boll, 83/2, _s._ washing-bowl, tub. Bolted, 67/2, _pp._ sifted, examined. Bolted-bread = a loaf of sifted wheat meal mixed with rye. See _Bolt_ and _Bolting-cloth_ in Peacock's Gloss. of Manley and Corringham. Boollesse, 34/4, _s._ bullace, small tartish plums, black or yellow. Called in Cambridgeshire "Cricksies." "I believe the word to be Celtic: Irish _bulos_, a prune, Breton _polos_, a bullace, Gaelic _bulaistear_, a bullace, a sloe."--Note by Rev. W. W. Skeat. "A bullace, frute, _pruneolum_."--Manip. Vocab. Boone, 62/17, _s._ request, prayer. Boord, 23/12, _s._ boards, planks. Boorde, 88/1, _s._ the table, meals. Bootie, 48/14, _s._ booty, prey. Borough, 33/7, _s._ burrows, warren. A.S. _beorg_, _beorh_. Botch, 74/5, _v. imp._ patch. Botles, 43/3, _s._ chrysanthemum. "Boyul or bothule, herbe or Cowslope, _Vactinia_."--Prompt. Parv. Bots, 45/22, _s. pl._ a disease (worms) troublesome to horses. Gaelic _botus_, a bott; _boiteag_, a maggot. Bottle, 21/15, _s._ the leathern bottle. Bowd, 19/39, _s._ weevil, _Curculio granarius_; bowd-eaten = eaten by weevils. "Bowde, malte worme." "Malte bowde or wevyl."--Prompt. Parv. Bowe, 17/13, _s._ bow. Bows, 36/12, _s. pl._ boughs, sticks. A.S. _bog, boh._ Brag, 19/14, _s._ boast, sham, pretence; 94/16, value, estimation. Braggeth, 62/1, _v. pr. t._ boasts, brags. Welsh _bragiaw_. Fr. _braguer_. Brake, 15/33, _s._ underwood, ferns, etc. Brakes, "Their light firing in Norfolk, that is wherewith they bake and brew."--T.R. Brall, 77/11, _v._ quarrelling, scolding. Bralling, 101/4, _adj._ brawling, quarrelsome. Brank, 19/20, _s._ Buck-wheat. _Polygonum fagopyrum_. "_Brance_, bearded red wheat."--Cotgrave. "_Brance_" occurs in Pliny's Hist. Nat. xviii. c. 7. Brats, 81/6, _s. pl._ children. Brauling, 48/15, _s._ quarrels, contention. Braue, 94/2, _adj._ fine, grand. Brauerie, 9/12, _s._ show, boast. Brawne, 31/2, _s._ brawn, originally the flesh of the wild boar, but used for flesh generally. O. Fr. _braon, braion_. Brawneth, 16/22, _v. pr. t._ fatteneth. Breaching, 2/11, _s._ breaking, breach. Breadcorne, 19/20, _s._ "leguminous crops."--Wright's Dict. Breaker, 95/2, _s._ horse-breaker. Breaketh his credit, 10/37, fails to do what he has promised. Breakhedge, 15/36, _s._ trespassers and others who break down fences, or make gaps in hedges. Breathely, 33/38, _adj._ worthless. See Halliwell, s.v. Bretheling. Brecke, 16/16, _s._ breach, gap. A.S. _brecan_, to break. Breede, 10/31, _v._ cause, generate. Breeders, 12/2, _s. pl._ good time for breeding. Breeding, 2/10, _s._ origin, source. Breers, 114/2, _s. pl._ briars, thorns, hence troubles and difficulties. Bremble, 36/23, _s._ bramble, briar. Brest, 11/7, _v._ nurse. Brest, 114/6, _s._ voice. See note E495. Breth, 107/4, _s._ breath. Bribing, 10/27, _v._ thieving, stealing. "I _bribe_, I pull, I pyll."--Palsgrave. See Mr. Skeat's note to P. Plowman, xxiii. 262. Brineth, 75/8, _v. pr. t._ cure with brine or salt. Brooketh, 94/10, _v. pr. t._ endures, allows. Brothell, 10/20, _v._ riotous, dissipated. See Halliwell, _s.v._ Brethel. Brows, 33/11, feed on, nibble. O. Fr. _brouster_ from _broust_, a sprout. "Yode forth abroade unto the greenewood to _browze_ or play."--Spenser, Shep. Cal. May. "_Browse_, or meat for beastes in snowtyme. _Vesca_."--Huloet. Brue, 15/33, _v._ brew. A.S. _briwan_. Brush, 17/14, _s._ underwood, brushwood. Brushed cote, 49/_b_, a beating; cf. "a dusted jacket." Buck, 50/13, _s._ buckwheat. Dutch _boekweit_. Buckle, 96/84, _v. imp._ prepare, get ready; cf. _buckle to_. Bucks, 74/5, _s. pl._ a quantity of linen washed at once, a tub-full of linen ready for washing. _Bouckfatt_, a washing-tub (Unton Inventories, p. 28). Lay your bucks = get your linen ready for washing. Buglas, 39/5, _s._ bugloss, _Lycopsis arvensis_, Linn. Buie, 3/8, _v._; Buieng, 56/4, buy. Bulchin, 33/36, _s._ a bull-calf. Bullimong, 19/30, _s._ a mixture of oats, peas and vetches, or buckwheat. Possibly a corruption of Lat. _pulmentum_. Burch, 92/4, _s._ the rod, birch. Burrage, 39/7, _s._ borage. _Borago officinalis_. The flowers were supposed to be cordial and excitative of courage, especially if infused in wine; whence the derivation Celtic _borr_, pride, _borrach_, a haughty man. Burs, 63/16, _s. pl._ the burdock. "_Bourre_, the downe or hairie coat, wherewith divers herbs, fruites, and flowers are covered."--Cotgrave. Bushets, 37/19, _s. pl._ small shoots from bushes. Busht, 42/1, _adj._ thick, spreading. Buttrice, 17/4, _s._ a farrier's tool used in shoeing horses to pare the hoofs. Buttrie, 89/5, _s._ pantry, cupboard. Buzard, 46/28, _s._ buzzard. By and bie, 57/15, _adv._ presently. C. Cabben, 16/23, _s._ house, sty. Cace, 67/26, _s._ case, point. Cadow, 46/28, _s._ jackdaw. "_Cadesse_, Daw, Jackdaw."--Cotgrave. "Cad-dow, a Jackdaw or Chough, Norfolk."--Bailey's Dict. See note in Prompt. Parv., s.v. Cadaw. Calling, 9/1, _s._ station in life. Camamel, 42/3, _s._ Camomile. Lat. _chamæmelum_. χαμαιμηλον [Greek: chamaimeilon], earth-apple, from the smell of its flowers. Campe, 22/24, _v._ to play football. A.S. _camp_ = a contest. See Ray's Glossary, E. D. Soc. p. xvi. Campers, 22/24, _s. pl._ football players. See note E133. Campions, 43/5, _s._ Red Lychnis or Campion, _Lychnis diurna_. Candlemas, page 84, footnote 5, _s._ 2nd February, so called from the great number of lights used on that day, being the feast of the Purification of the Virgin Mary. Canteth, 94/8, _v. pr. t._ ? scanteth, _i.e._ is economical. The edition of 1573 reads _franteth_, which is a Somerset word meaning _to be careful_. Canteth, according to Halliwell, means "divides," _i.e._ does not use up everything at once, but only what is wanted for the time. Canuas, 57/54, _s._ canvas. Capitaine cheefe, 10/19, head or chief captain. Capon, 31/3, _s._ a castrated cock. Careles, 35/4, _adj._ unwilling, not anxious. Carkas, 26/4, _s._ corpse, body. Fr. _carcasse_. Carke, 114/15, _v._ to be anxious. "I carke, I care, I take thought, _je chagrine_"--Palsgrave. "Waile we the wight whose absence is our _carke_."--Spenser, Shep. Cal. November. *Carnels, 101, _s. pl._ seeds of the haw, briar, etc. Cf. ch. 18. st. 48 and 36. 13. Carrege, 56/21, _s._ carrying home. Carren, 18/36, _s._ carrion, carcasses, M.E. _caroigne_. Fr. _charogne_, from It. _carogna_, Lat. _caronem_. Carrenly, 19/36, _adj._ rotting, putrifying. Cart gap, 56/13, _s._ the openings for carts to pass from one field to another. Cartwrite, 58/5, _s._ cartwright. Cast, 10/41, _v._ to count up, reckon. Cast, 20/3, _v. pr. t._ to clean the threshed corn by casting it from one side of the barn to the other, that the light grains and dust may fall out. For this purpose is used a _skuttle_, q.v. Cast, 33/52, _v. imp._ give over, throw up. Casting, 65/8, _adj._ that throw up the earth as they burrow through it. Cater, 10/16, _s._ caterer, provider. "_Cater_ a steward, a manciple, a prouider of Cates."--Baret's Alvearie. "Cates, dainty provisions."--Bailey's Eng. Dict. 1737. Cawme, 56/15, _adj._ calm, settled. Challenge, 72/1, _v._ claim. O. Fr. _chalenger_. Champion (title), _s._ plain open country. Fr. _champagne_, from Lat. _campania_, from _campus_ = a field. "Worstershire, Bedfordshire, and many other well-mixt soiles, where the Champaigne and couert are of equall largeness."--G. Markham, Husbandman's Recreations, c. i. Champions, 16/2, _s. pl._ inhabitants of counties where lands are open and unenclosed. Chancing, 9/30, _v._ happening, falling out. Chapman, 19/27, _s._ bargainer, dealer. A.S. _ceapman_. Charge, 84/2, _s._ trouble, expense. Compare All's Well that Ends Well, ii. 3, 121: "She had her breeding at my father's charge." Charged, 10/8, _pp._ burdened, busy, anxious. Charges, 23/6, _s. pl._ works, troubles. Charuiel, 45/4, _s._ the plant Chervil. _Chærophyllum temulentum_, Linn. Whence A.S. _cærfille_, Fr. _cerfeuil_. Chaunting, 16/31, _v._ crying, yelling. Cheanie, 2/6, Jeanie, Jennie. Cheere, 22/28, _v._ enjoy oneself. Cheere, 57/26, _s._ enjoyment, merriment. Chees, 48/20, _s._ cheese. Lat. _caseus_; whence O. H. Ger. _chasi_, A.S. _cêse_. Chein, 17/10, _s._ chain. Cherie, 33/58, _s._ cherry. Lat. _cerasus_; whence A.S. _cirse_, Fr. _cerise_. Chikins, 38/33, _s. pl._ chickens, young fowls. Chinke, 46/27, _s._ money. A word formed from the sound of coin _jingling_ together. Chip, 57/32, _s._ wood-choppings. Chippings, 86/3, _s. pl._ fragments of bread. "_Chapplis_, bread-chippings."--Cotgrave. Choised, 57/34, _pp._ selected, chosen. Fr. _choix_, choice. Chopping, 57/40, _s._ exchange, barter. "Choppe and chaunge, _mercor_."--Huloet. A.S. _ceapan_. Churle, 10/50, _s._ an ill-bred, disagreeable person. A.S. _ceorl_, a freeman of the lowest rank. Cinqfile, 45/5, _s._ cinquefoil. _Potentilla_, Linn. Clap, 10/22, _s._ blow, stroke; "at a clap" = at once. Clapper, 36/25, _s._ a rabbit burrow or warren. "Cony hole or _clapar_"--Palsgrave. "A _clapper_ for conies, i.e. a heap of stones, earth, with boughes or such like wherinto they may retire themselves."--Minsheu. Fr. _clapier_. L. Lat. _clapa_. Clarie, 39/9, _s._ meadow sage. _Salvia pratensis_. Clauestock, 17/20, _s._ a chopper for splitting wood. Cleerely, 16/25, _adj._ clear. Clicket, 77/9, _v._ chatter. "If I disturb you with my _clicketten_, tell me so, David, and I won't."--C. Dickens in David Copperfield. "A tatling huswife, whose _clicket_ is ever wagging."--Cotgrave. Clim, 56/23, _s._ ? Clement. Clime, 57/30, _v._ climb. A.S. _climban_.