About this book

Fiue hundred pointes of good husbandrie

Thomas Tusser

Dreuils, 114/12, Driuell, 79/1, _s._ wasters, spendthrifts. Drift, 10/13, _s._ end, aim, design, 114/39, course, such drift to make = to drift along in such a manner. Drines, 53/20, _s._ dryness. Drinke corn, 18/24, _s._ barley. Driping, 35/14, _v._ dripping on, keeping wet. Driue, 16/20, _v._ drive out of their hives for the purpose of taking the honey. Droie, 81/3, _s._ a drudge, servant. See note in Prompt. Parv. s.v. _Deye_. Drousie, 89/4, _adj._ the drowsy, the sleepy. Drout, 14/3, _s._ drought, dry weather. Drowseth, 62/13, _v. pr. t._ droops, gives way. Drudge, 7/1, _s._ slave, mean servant. Duck, 55/6, _s._ docks, dockweed. Dun, 82/2, _pp._ finished, done for. Dy, 35/24, _s._ a die, as close as a dy = as close as possible. E. Earthes, 35/50, _s. pl._ a ploughing. A.S. _earian_. Lat. _arare_, to plough. In the Catholicon Anglicum we find "A dayserth or daysardawe, _juger, jugerum_." See also Ray and Halliwell, s.v. _Arders_. Easeth, 94/9, _v. pr. t._ indulges, pleases. Eaw, 67/24, _s._ ewe. Eb, 14/5, _s._ ebb. A.S. _ebba_. Ech, 57/23, _adj._ each. Edder, 33/13, _s._ "Such fence wood as is commonly put upon the top of Fences and binds or interweaves each other."--T.R. Edish, 18/4, _s._ stubble after the corn is cut. Roughings. _Edisc_ is an old Saxon word signifying sometimes _roughings, aftermathes_. See Glossaries, B 15, B 16, E. D. Soc. Edmond, St., 20/12, St. Edmund's Day, 20th November. Eie, 57/9, _s._ eye, attention. Eiebright, 44/5, _s._ common eyebright, _Euphrasia officinalis_, formerly much used as a remedy for diseases of the eye. Eies, 114/4, _s. pl._ eyes. Eke, 66/6, _adv._ also, too, A.S. _eac, ec_. Elfe, 114/14, _s._ creature; 86/11, a servant. Elues, 22/3, _s. pl._ young cattle. Embraid, 113/7, _v. imp._ upbraid, abuse. Embrings, 12/6, _s. pl._ the Ember-days, being the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday after the first Sunday in Lent, the feast of Whitsuntide, the 14th September, and the 13th December. Endiue, 91/2, _s._ endive. Enuite, 16/32, _v._ invite, call. Er, 56/21, _adv._ ere, before. Er an = ere than = before that. Erecting, 1/1, _pr. p._ sustaining, strengthening. Erie, 57/11; Ery, 18/17, _adj._ every. Estate, 10/3, _s._ condition, position. Etch, 36/3, _s._ stubble, edish, q.v. Exceptions, 19/25, _s. pl._ differences, distinctions. Exeltred, 17/6, _adj._ furnished with an axle-tree. Expulsed, 1/4, _v. pt. t._ expelled, drove away. Extolst, 112/6, _v. pr. t._ praise, extol. Ey, 99/2, _s._ attention, forgetting his eye = neglecting his duty by staring or gaping about. See Eie. F. Fall, 35/32, _v. pr. t._ are born. Falleth, 20/1, _v. pr. t._ falls off, loses flesh. Falt, 35/43, _s._ fault. Fansies, 2/13, _s._ fancies, whims. Fare, 2/5, _s._ treatment. Fare, 33/33, _v._ farrow, litter. Fare, 10/32, _v._ prosper, fare. A.S. _faran_. Farnesse, 14/4, _s._ distance, length. Fasting daie, 10/51, _s._ a day on which it was forbidden to eat food of any description. Fat, 18/34, _adj._ fattened beasts. Fat, 57/54, _s._ vat, vessel. Fats up, 15/28, _v. pr. t._ fattens up. Fautie, 99/2, _adj._ faulty. Fauoreth, 52/24, _v. pr. t._ help, improve. Fay, 77/4, _s._ faith, word. O. Fr. _fei_. Feaw, 56/48, _adj._ few, a few. Feawe, 50/1, _adj._ little time, while. A.S. _feawe_, few. Fees, 33/12, _s. pl._ pay, reward. Feft, 114/33, _pp._ enfeoffed, endowed. Fellowes, 57/9, _s. pl._ companions, mates. O. Icel. _félagi_, a companion. Fellowlie, 10/55, _adj._ friendly, neighbourly. Cf. "Mine eyes ... Fall _fellowly_ drops." --Tempest, Act v. sc. i. 64. See also Abbot's Shaksperean Grammar, § 447. Fence, 63/2, _s._ defence, protection. Fenell, 39/13, _s._ fennel. _Fœniculum vulgare_. Fennie, 35/44, _adj._ mouldy, vinewed. "_Moisi_; mouldy, hoary, vinowed."--Cotgrave. Ferme, 10/13, _s._ farm. Fermer, 19/18, _s._ farmer. Fetches, 64/2, _s. pl._ tricks, stratagems. Harrison, Descript. of Eng., has: "it be a vertue to deal without anie suspicious _fetches_," p. 115, ed. 1587. Fetherfew, 43/9, _s._ feverfew. So named from its supposed febrifugal qualities. A.S. _feferfuge_. Fetters, 17/21, _s. pl._ chains for the feet. Fewell, 50/30, _s._ fuel. O. Fr. _fouaille_, from L. Lat. _focale_, from Lat. _focus_, a hearth. Fide, 21/21, _pp._ purified, cleansed. Fie, 20/21, _v._ cleanse. Icel. _fægja_. Cf. Ger. _fegen_. Fieing, 53/18, _v._ cleaning out. Feying, "Cleaning a Ditch or Pond, so as the water may come clear."--T.R. See _Fie_. Fiemble, 55/8, _adj._ a corruption of _female_, the female hemp. *Fierbote, 65, _s._ the right to take wood for burning. See Peacock's Gloss. of Manley and Corringham, E.D.S. Filbeards, 34/9, _s. pl._ filberts. Various derivations have been given for this word: one, the most probable, from _full_ and _beard_, referring to the long _beard_ or husk with which it is provided: cf. Ger. _bart-nusz_ = _bearded nut_. Filbellie, 10/40, _s._ extravagance in food. Filchers, 10/54, _s. pl._ pilferers. Scot. pilk = to pick. "She has pilkit his pouch."--Jamieson. Filcheth, 63/13, _v. pr. t._ steals, pilfers. *Fildes, 38, _s. pl._ fields. Fisgig, 77/8, _s._ a worthless fellow: a light-heeled wench.--Craven. "A fisgig, or fisking housewife, _trotière_."--Howell, 1660. Still in use in Lincolnshire. Fishdaie, 10/51, _s._ a day in which fish is allowed to be eaten, but no flesh. Fitchis, 53/11, _s. pl._ tares, vetches. Fitly, 92/3, _adj._ suitable, fit. Flacks, 50/16, _s._ flax. A.S. _fleax_. O. H. Ger. _flaks_. Flaies, 18/3 _s. pl._ flails. Flap, 85/7, _s._ a stroke with the flail. Flawnes, 90/5, _s. pl._ "A custard, generally made in raised paste. Fr. _flan_, a custard or egg-pie." "A _flawne_ or custard."--Baret's Alvearie, 1580. Fleering, 64/17, _v. pr. p._ laughing, grinning. "To _fleer_ and scorn at our solemnity."--Shakspere, Rom. and Jul. i. 5. "I _fleere_, I make an yvell countenaunce with the mouthe by vncoveryng of the tethe."--Palsgrave. Fleming, 37/22, Flemming, 18/37, _s._ Dutchmen, Dutch coasting traders. Flixe, 18/41, _s._ a flux. Floted, 49/1, _v. pt. t._ skimmed off the cream. "Flet, as mylke or other lyke, _despumatus_."--Prompt. Parv. "_Escréme_, fleeted as milk."--Cotgrave. *Flotte, 72/_e_, _pp._ skimmed. Flower, 52/14, _s._ ? floor. Flower armor, 43/10, _s._ The "floure gentill or purple velvet floure."--Lyte's Dodoens, p. 168. Fr. _Floramor_, in Cotgrave _la noble fleur_, from its resemblance to the plumes worn by people of rank. _Amaranthus tricolor_. Flower gentle, 43/12, _s._ a species of Amaranth. _Amaranthus spinosa_. Flower de luce, 43/11, _s._ Iris, or flower-de-luce. Fr. _fleur-de-lis_. A plant of the genus _Iris_, in particular _Iris pseudacorus_, the yellow Iris or water flag. Foison, 35/4; Foizon, 114/37, _s._ plenty. "Foyzon is winter food."--T.R. Fr. _foison_, from Lat. _fusionem_, from _fundere_. Cotgrave gives "_Foison_: f. store, plentie, abundance, great fullnesse, enough." The word still exists in the Scotch _foison_ or _fusion_, and the adj. _fusionless_ or _fissenless_. Forby explains it as "Succulency, natural nutritive moisture," as _e.g._ "there is no _foison_ in this hay." Foistines, 57/5; Foistnes, 21/5; Foystines, 20/5, _s._ mustiness, mould. O. Fr. _fust_, a cask, _fusté_, tasting or smelling of the cask, musty. Foisty, 19/39, _adj._ musty. Fondlie, 10/26; Fondly, 67/9, _adv._ foolishly. _Fon_ = to play the fool. Jamieson, Scott. Dict. For, 9/9, _prep._ in spite of, regardless of. For, 9/18. Here and in numerous instances in Tusser _for_ means "for fear of," "to prevent." Forbearer, 13/3, _s._ one who refuses. Forborne, 13/2, _pp._ withheld, refused. *Forehorse, 94, _s._ one who is always in advance with his work, never behindhand; the opposite to a procrastinator. Forke, 22/9, _s._ pitchfork, hayfork. *Fornight, 51, _s._ a fortnight. Forrough, 16/15, _s._ furrow. A.S. _furh_. Foyson, 10/6, _s._ plenty. See Foison. Fough, 102/5, _interject_, faugh! phew! an exclamation. Fraid, 2/8, _v. pt. t._ frightened, made afraid. Fraie, 53/22, _s._ quarrel, fray. Fraight, 114/24, _s._ freight, cargo. Frailnes, 10/62, _s._ frailty, uncertainty. Frame, 57/1, _v._ make. Framed, 2/15, _pp._ arranged, composed. Fransie, 88/4, _s._ madness. Fraud, 62/15, _v._ obtain by fraud. Fraught, 64/5, _pp._ laden, freighted. Fray, 77/4, _s._ disturbance, trouble. Freat, 23/2, _v. imp._ be vexed. Freat, 51/11, _v._ damage, decay, eat away. "As doth an hidden moth The inner garment _fret_." --Spenser, Faery Queene, ii. 34. See Wedgwood's Dict. _s.v._ Fret. Freeseth, 35/1, _v. pr. t._ freezes. A.S. _freosan_. O. Icel. _friosa_. Dan. _fryse_. Frier, 86/14, _s._ friar. Fritters, 90/3 _s. pl._ small pancakes with apples in them. "Frytoure, _lagana_ (a pancake)."--Prompt. Parv. "A fritter or pancake; a kind of bread for children, as _fritters_ and wafers."--Baret's Alvearie, 1580. Froth, 35/3, _adj._ tender, perhaps originally = pulpy. Frower, 17/8, _s._ a frow, an iron instrument for rending or splitting laths. Also called _Frommard_. Fumetorie, 44/7; Fumentorie, 91/3, _s._ Fumitory. _Fumaria officinalis_, so called from its rank disagreeable smell: formerly used as an anti-scorbutic: it is called _erthesmok_ [earthsmoke] in MS. Sloane 5, f. 5. Furmentie pot, 90/7, _s._ hulled wheat boiled in milk, and seasoned with cinnamon, sugar, etc. See note E458. G Gadding, 10/51, _v._ going about gossipping. Gaffe, 22/18, _v._ man, gaffer. "Formerly a common mode of address, equivalent to _friend, neighbour_."--Halliwell. Gage, 94/13, _s._ pawn, sweepeth to gage = hurries to pledge or place in pawn. *Gage, 53, _v._ assert, maintain. Galling, 57/31, _v._ causing sore or bare places. Gallond, 19/42, _s._ gallon. Gap, 114/20, _s._ an opening, cause. Gaping, 57/45, _pr. p._ being greedy, grasping. Garlike, 21/12, _s._ garlic. Garmander, 42/8, _s._ germander. Fr. _gamandrée_, from Lat. _chamædrys_. Garson, 33/41, _s._ boy, lad. Fr. _garçon_. Gasing, 99/1, _pr. p._ gazing, staring. Gate, 64/17, _s._ walk, gait. Gayler, 86/11, _s._ guardian, housekeeper. Geanie, 2/6, _adj._ profitable, useful. A.S. _gægn_, fit, suitable. Robert de Brunne in his History of England, 3376, has, "a _geiner_ way" = a more direct advantageous way. Scot. _gane_, fit, useful. Lanc. _gainest_ way = the shortest cut. Geld, 15/17, _s._ castrate, spay. *Gentiles, 17, _s. pl._ gentle-folk. Gentilie, 9/14, _adv._ kindly, with proper respect. Gentils, 49/_c_, _s. pl._ gentles, maggots. Gentlenes, 102/7, _s._ gentlemanly manners. Gently, 102/7, _adv._ as gentlemen, in a gentlemanly manner. Gentrie, 114/33, _s._ true nobility. Gesse, 114/1, _v. imp._ guess, believe. Gest, 4/2, _s._ a guest. A.S. _gest_. Get, 9/5, _v._ earn. Gettings, 9/5, _s._ earnings. Giddie braine, 10/23, _adj._ giddy, unsteady. Giles, 114/18, _s. pl._ traps, deceits. Gillet, 50/30, _s._ lad. Gael, _gille, giolla_, a lad. Halliwell gives "an instrument for thatching" as the meaning in this passage, but why, I do not know. Gillian spendal, 23/18, wasteful, careless housekeeper. Giloflowers, 15/42, _s. pl._ carnations, pinks. Fr. _giroflée_, from Lat. _caryophyllus_, a clove, from the clove-like smell of the flowers.--Wedgwood. Gin, 10/19, _s._ trap. Ginnes, 106/22, _s. pl._ means, contrivances. Ginnie, 90/5, Jenny. Ginny, 33/38, _s._ a name for a filly. Mavor reads Jilly. Gise, 97/4, _s._ fashion, way. Gloues, 57/9, _s. pl._ gloves. God night, 18/49. A phrase equivalent to "it is all over," "it is too late."