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Fiue hundred pointes of good husbandrie

Thomas Tusser

winter pasturage, when the cattle are allowed to rove over the tillage land." Forby gives "_Shack_, sb. the acorns or mast under the trees." Compare the provincial "Shucks," the pods or shells from which peas have been _shaken_, or, as it is frequently called, "_shook_." Share, 52/1, _v._ shear. Shares, 17/10, _s._ plough shares. Sharing, 17/16, _adj._ shearing. Shaue, 17/6, _s._ spokeshave. Sheawd, 102/7, _pp._ shown, displayed. Shed, 57/7, _v._ lose the grains of corn. Sheepebiter, 64/17, _s._ a thief, lit. a wolf, a cant phrase. See Halliwell, s.v. Shent, 57/45, _pp._ ruined, disgraced. A.S. _scendan_. Shere, 3/7, _s._ shire, county. A.S. _scire_. Shift, 9/39, _v._ manage, fare. Shift, 104/1, _s._ excuse, makeshift. Shifting, 95/5, _adj._ changing, often removing. Shifting, 10/27, 10/34, _v._ trickery, cheating, acting shiftingly. Shiftingly, 9/26, _adv._ by tricks or mean shifts. Shock, 56/20, _s._ a certain number of bundles or sheaves of corn (in some parts twelve). "A _shocke_ of wheate, _meta tritici_."--Withal's Dict. 1608. Shock, 57/10, _v. imp._ collect into _shocks_ or heaps of twelve sheaves. Shod, 17/6, _pp._ tired. Sholue, 17/1, _s._ shovel. Shoo, 102/2, _s._ pl. shoes. A.S. _sceo_, a shoe, pl. _sceon_. Shot, 114/40, _s._ expense, reckoning. Showreth out, 14/3, _v. pr. t._ is showery, rainy weather. Shreaw, 16/17, _s._ thief, rascal, 67/24, _s._ shrew, scold. See Shrew. Shred pies, 31/3, _s. pl._ mince pies, the meat being cut up into _shreds_. A.S. _screâdan_, small pieces. "No matter for plomb-porridge or _shrid pies_."--Sheppard's Epigrams, 1651. Shrew, 64*/6, _s._ scold. "Shrewe, _pravus_. Schrewyd, _pravatus, depravatus_."--Prompt. Parv. Shroftide, 90/3, _s._ Shrove Tuesday, the day before the first day of Lent. Shrouing, 90/3, _s._ to be merry, probably derived from the sports and merriment of Shrovetide. See Halliwell, s.v. Shrove. Shut, _v._ 51/5, shoot, throw; 37/13, shoot out, spring up. Sieth, 35/25, _s._ scythe. A.S. siðe. Siethes, 39/39, _s. pl._ chives, spelt in Hollyband's Dict. 1593, _sieves_, from Fr. _cive, Allium fissile_, L. Sirops, 91/3, _s. pl._ sirups. Siszers, 17/4, _s._ scissors. Sithe, 17/14, _s._ scythe. Skare, 2/7, _v._ frighten. Icel. _skirra_ = to drive away. Skared, 69/4, _pp._ frightened, cheated of. Skavel, 17/19, _s._ a kind of spade, having its sides slightly turned up, used in draining, and cleaning narrow ditches. Compare _scuffle_, a garden hoe, and _shovel_. Skep, 17/3, _s._ a basket made of rushes or straw. Skill, 114/38, _s._ plan, design. Skillesse, 113/4, _adj._ simple, homely. Skirrets, 40/19, _s. pl._ the water-parsnip. _Sium latifolium_, contracted from _skirwort_, its older name, a corruption of _sugar-wort_. Ger. _zucker-wurzel_. Skreene, 90/2, _s._ fire-screen. See note E453. Skreine, 17/16, _s._ sieve, screen. O. Fr. _escrein_. Skuppat, 17/19, _s._ a spade used in draining and making narrow ditches. Belgian _schup_, a spade. Skuttle, 17/16, _s._ a screen for cleaning corn, i.e. a large broad and shallow shovel for casting threshed corn from one side of the barn to the other that light grains and dust may fall short. Slab, 15/35, _s._ the outside cut of sawn timber. Slabbered, 48/20, _pp._ dirtied, beslobbered. L. Ger. and Dut. _slabbern_. Slained, 106/15, _pp._ slain, murdered, but perhaps we should read _stained_. Slake, 1/4, _v._ to slacken. Slapsauce, 98/2, _s._ "a parasite."--Minsheu. "A lickedish, a lickerish fellow, a _slapsawce_."--Nomenclator, 1585. *Slapt, 72_e_, _pp._ Slea, 107/3, _v._ slay, kill. A.S. _slean_. Sled, 17/11, _s._ sledge, truck. Ger. and Dutch _slede_. Icel. _sledi_. A.S. _slidan_, to slide. Slept, 90/1, _pp._ slipt, forgotten, omitted. Slise, 35/20, _v. imp._ slice, cut. Sliuers, 23/1, _s. pl._ pieces of split wood, chips. A.S. _slifan_. Slugging, 75/1, _s._ lying late in bed. Sluts, 75/5, _s. pl._ slovens, slatterns. Ger. _schlutte_. Dutch _slet_. Smack, 57/24, a pleasant repast. Smalach, 45/20, _s._ celery, or water parsley. The _small ache_ or parsley as compared with the _hipposelinum_ or great parsley. Small nuts, 34/22, Smalnut, 33/57, _s._ hazel nuts. Snag dragons, 43/30, _s. pl._ snapdragons, so called from its corolla resembling the _snap_ or snout. Dut. _sneb_ of some animal. Called by Lyte "Calf's snowte." Snorting, 9/16, _adj._ snoring, sleepy. A.S. _snora_, a snoring. Snudgeth, 62/2, _v. pr. t._ is economical or saving, or, works quietly or snugly. In Lanc. _snidge_. A.S. _snid_. Danish _snedig_, cunning. 'Thus your husbandrye, methincke, is much more like the life of a covetous _snudge_, that ofte very evill proves, then the labour of a goode husbande, that knoweth well what he doth."--Ascham, Toxophilus, p. 6. Sockle, 35/30, _v. imp._ suckle, provide with milk. Sod, 22/27, _pp._ boiled. Soketh, 19/2, _v. pr. t._ wets, soaks. Soles, 17/21, _s. pl._ a collar of wood, put round the neck of cattle to confine them to the post. Sollen, 89/13, _adj._ sullen, sulky. Soller, 57/5, _s._ garret, loft, or upper room. "_Solarium_, an upper room, chamber, or garret which in some parts of England is still called a _sollar_."--Kennett, Gloss. p. 134. Sooth, 10/61, _v._ to flatter. Sops in wine, 43/31, _s._ a kind of pink resembling a carnation; the clove pink. "The rose and speckled flowre cald sops-in-wine."--The Affectionate Shepheard, 1594. Sorell, 39/36, _s._ sorrell. Fr. _surelle_, a dimin. from L. Ger. _suur_ = sour, from the acidity of the leaves. _Rumex acetosa_, L. Sost, 48/20, _pp._ dirty, foul. "Of any one that mixes several slops, or makes any place wet or dirty, we say in Kent, he makes a _soss_."--Kennett MS. Souse, 12/5, _s._ pig's feet and ears pickled. Soutage, 57/51, _s._ bagging for hops, or coarse cloth. See More's MS. Additions to Ray's North Country Gloss. Southly, 16/20, _adv._ facing the south. Sowce, 19/37, _v. imp._ steep in brine, pickle. Sower, 35/51, _adj._ sour. Spare, 113/3, _v._ economize, be sparing. Spareth, 10/35, _v. pr. t._ are economical, save. Spars, 33/16, _s. pl._ rafters. Speedfull, 52/13, _adj._ useful, profitable. Speeding, 2/10, _s._ progress, success. Speered, 84/5, _pp._ sprouted, a term in malting. "I _spyer_ as corne dothe whan it begynneth to waxe rype, _je espie_."--Palsgrave. Spent, 15/41, _pp._ used, consumed. Sperage, 40/18, _s._ asparagus. Lemery in his Treatise on Foods, 1704, gives as the etymology: _ab aspergendo_, sprinkling, because 'tis convenient to water them! Spials, 64/12, _s. pl._ spies. Fr. _épier_. O. Fr. _espier_, whence our _espy, spy_. Low Lat. _espia_. Spide, 2/9, _v. pr. t._ beheld, saw. Spight, 57/13, _s._ as a spite or grief to. Spight, 97/6, _v._ spite, be unpropitious. Spil, 102/6, _v. pr. t._ spoil, ruin. Spilled, 50/6, Spilt, 56/54, _pp._ ruined, spoilt. A.S. _spillan_. Spring, 48/11, _s._ young buds of felled underwood. Spurlings, 12/5, _s. pl._ smelts. "Spurlin, a smelt, Fr. _esperlan_."--Skinner. Sparling, smelts of the Thames.--Brockett's N. C. Glossary. "First a sprat, then a small sparling, then a sparling."--R. Holme, p. 325. Squatteth, 16/38, _v. pr. t._ sit or crouch down. Welsh _yswatian_, to squat, lie flat. Squier, 10/57, _s._ squire, gentleman. Stadled, 48/8, _pp._ "to stadle a Wood is to leave at certain distances a sufficient number of young trees to replenish it."--T.R. Staddles, 47/9, Stadles, 48/9, _s. pl._ young growing trees left after cutting underwood. Staid, 2/8, _v. pt. t._ kept, detained. Staie, 10/7, _s._ means of support. Staie, 19/40, _v._ prevent, stop. Staied, 60/9, _adj._ steady, staid. Stalfed, 21/11, _adj._ stall-fattened. Stamp, 18/48, _v. imp._ bruise, pound. Stands thee upon, 10/39, are suitable, proper for. To _stand_ a person _on_ is _to be incumbent_ upon him, _it is his duty_.--Wilbraham, Gloss. of Cheshire Words, 1818. Star of Bethlehem, 43/34, _s._ Star of Bethlehem. _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, a bulbous plant having a white star-like flower, like pictures of the stars that indicated Our Lord's birth. Star of Jerusalem, 43/35, _s._ perhaps sunflower or turn-sole. Ital. _girasole_, familiarized into _Jerusalem_. Stay, 114/31, _s._ rest, quiet. Steade, 63/3, _s._ in steade = to advantage. *Stede, 19, _v._ suffice, profit. Steelie, 19/12, _adj._ hard, firm. Steepe, 46/6, _adj._ a steepe = steeply. Steeres, 36/8, _s. pl._ oxen in their third year. A.S. _steor_. Sterue, 103/4, _v._ starve, perish. A.S. _steorfan_. *Steruelings, 50, _s. pl._ half-starved animals. Stick, 16/34, _v. imp._ to stick boards = to arrange them neatly one upon another with sticks between.--T.R. Still, 33/53, _v. imp._ quiet, stop from growing. Still, 44/1, _v._ distill. Still, 50/33, _s._ a still. Lat. _stilla_, a drop. Stinted, 95/4, _pp._ appointed, settled. Stirre, 77/6, _v._ move quickly, bestir herself. Stitchwort, 45/23, _s._ stitchwort, chickweed, _Stellaria media_, Linn. Stocke gilleflowers, 43/36, _s._ now shortened to stock, from stock, the trunk or woody stem of a tree or shrub, added to _gilliflower_ to distinguish it from plants of the pink tribe, called, from their scent, _Clove-gilleflowers_. Stocks, 22/13, _s. pl._ young trees. Stoutnes, 9/9, _s._ force. Stouer, 20/16, _s._ winter food for cattle, fodder from thrashed corn, whether straw, chaff, or colder (broken ears of corn), from the Old French _estavoir, estovoir, estouvier_, A.N. _estovers_, or _estouvoir_, which denotes, according to Roquefort (Glossaire de la langue Romane), 'provision de tout ce qui est nécessaire.' Strangenes, 3/1, _s._ strangeness. Strawforke, 17/1, _s._ a pitchfork. Strawisp, 19/38, _s._ wisps of straw. Streight waies, 114/8, _adv._ at once. Strike, 16/9, _v. pr. t._ striking is the last ploughing before the seed is committed to the earth.--M. Strike, 17/1, _s._ a bushel measure. "Robert Webb of Shottre oweth me iiij_s._ iiij_d._ lent hym in money for making ix _strycke_ and a half of malt."--Will of John Cocks of Stratford-on-Avon, dated May 27th, 1600. Stripe, 57/5, _s._ "beating upon a Hurdle or some other rough thing."--T.R. Stroieng, 48/17, _s._ destruction, injury. O. Fr. (_de_)_struire_. Lat. _struere_. Stroken, 35/31, _pp._ stroked, kindly treated. Strowing, 42/1, _adj._ for strewing. Stroyal, 10/23, _s._ waste all, wasteful. Stub, 35/9, _s._ stump, buie at the stub = buy on the ground. A.S. _stybb_, allied to Lat. _stipes_. Stub, 33/47, _v. imp._ grub up. "And badd hym take a mattock anon, And _stubbe_ the olde rote away, That had stonde there many a day." --MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 38, f. 129. Stud, 33/16, _s._ the uprights in a lath and plaster wall. "In manie places there are not above foure, six, or nine inches between _stud_ and _stud_."--Harrison, Pt. I, p. 233. Stur, 62/6, _v._ move about, exert. Sturs, 63/16, _s. pl._ disturbances, commotions. Substanciallie, 9/23, _adv._ in reality, truly. Subtiltie, 9/17, _s._ cunning, artfulness, deceit. Sucker, 23/4, _s._ assistance, help, succour. Suckerie, 91/2, Suckery, 39/38, _s._ succory, the wild endive, chicory. Fr. _chicorée_, often replaced by fraudulent dealers with dandelion roots, _Cichorium Intybus_, L. Sudgerne, 10/8, _v._ settle down. Fr. _sojourner_. Cf. Barbour's Bruce, E. E. Text Soc. ed. Skeat, 6/26, 16/47, and 20/356. Suer, 84/3, _adj._ sure, careful. O. Fr. _seur, segur_. Lat. _securus_. Suerty, 9/24, _s._ being security or surety. Suite, 18/49, _s._ description, kind. Suretie, 10/28, _s._ security, bail. Swage, 114/26, _v._ assuage. Swatches, 57/18, _s. pl._ rows or ranks of barley, etc.