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France and England in North America, Part III: La Salle, Discovery of The Great West

Francis Parkman

prairie travelling, 423; Liotot swears vengeance against, 424; the murder of Moranget, Saget, and Nika, 426; his premonition of disaster, 428; murdered by Duhaut, 429; character of, 430; his enthusiasm compared with that of Champlain, 431; his defects, 431; America owes him an enduring memory, 432; the marvels of his patient fortitude, 432; evidences of his assassination, 432; undeniable rigor of his command, 433; locality of his assassination, 434; his debts, 434; Tonty's plan to assist, 453-455; fear of Father Allouez for, 459; Jesuit plans against, 459, 477, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486. La Salle, village of, 146, 167. La Taupine (Pierre Moreau), 78. La Tortue, 367. Launay, De, 453, 455. Laurent, 199, 218. Lavaca River, the, 392, 395, 396. La Vache River, the, 392. Laval-Montmorency, François Xavier de, first bishop of Quebec, 110; accused of harshness and intolerance, 110; encourages the establishment of the association of the Sainte Famille, 111. La Violette, 187. La Voisin, burned alive at Paris, 179. Le Baillif, M., 34. Le Ber, Jacques, 97; becomes La Salle's bitter enemy, 101, 326. Leblanc, 193; takes false reports of La Salle to Fort Crèvecoeur, 217, 218. Le Clerc, Father Chrétien, 169, 175, 192, 198, 217, 234, 238; his account of the Récollet missions among the Indians, 246; Hennepin steals passages from, 247; character of Du Lhut, 276; energy of La Salle, 292, 296; Louis XIV. becomes the sovereign of the Great West, 308; misery and dejection at Matagorda Bay, 393, 403, 406, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417. Le Clerc, Maxime, joins La Salle's new enterprise, 353; in Texas, 400; adventure with a boar, 410; makes charges against La Salle, 410, 418. Le Fèvre, Father, 131. Le Gros, Simon, 388, 394, 398. Le Meilleur, 218. Le Moyne, 102. Lenox, Mr., the Journal of Marquette, 75; death of Marquette, 81, 169. Leon, Alonzo de, 469, 471. Le Petit, customs of the Natchez, 304. L'Espérance, 216, 218, 223. Le Sueur, map made by, 225, 485. Le Tardieu, Charles, 99. Lewiston, mountain ridge of, 138, 143; rapids at, 144. Liotot, La Salle's surgeon, 420; swears vengeance against La Salle, 424, 425; murders Moranget, Saget, and Nika, 426; the assassination of La Salle, 429, 430; resolves to return to Fort St. Louis, 446; quarrels with Hiens, 446; murder of, 449. Long Point, 25; the Sulpitians spend the winter at, 25. "Long River," the, 485. Long Saut, the, 89. Louis XIV. becomes the sovereign of the Great West, 308; misery and dejection at Matagorda Bay, 393, 403, 406, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417. Louis XIV., of France, 26, 52, 115; grants a patent to La Salle, 124; orders the arrest of Hennepin, 282; proclaimed by La Salle the sovereign of the Great West, 306; receives La Salle, 344; irritated against the Spaniards, 344; grants La Salle's petitions, 350; abandons the colonists, 463; Cavelier's memorial to, 463. Louisiana, country of, 307; name bestowed by La Salle, 309; vast extent of, 309; boundaries of, 309; Iberville the founder of, 455, 483, 484, 485, 489. Louisville, 29, 32. Louvigny, Sieur de, 274, 349. "Lover's leap," the, 271. Loyola, Disciples of, losing ground in Canada, 104. Lussière, La Motte de, joins La Salle, 129, 132; embarks on the journey, 137; reaches the Niagara, 138; begins to build fortifications, 140; jealousy of the Senecas, 140; seeks to conciliate the Senecas, 140, 141; fidelity to La Salle doubtful, 143. Machaut-Rougemont, 365. Mackinaw, La Salle at, 325. Mackinaw, Island of, 153. Macopins, Rivière des (Illinois River), 167, 483. Madeira, 366. Maha (Omahas), the, 478. "Maiden's Rock," the, 271. "Malheurs, La Rivière des," 402. Malhoumines, the, 61. Malouminek, the, 61. Manabozho, the Algonquin deity, 267. Mance, Mlle., 112. Mandans, the, winter lodges of, 442. Manitoulin Island, Mission of, 41; assigned to André, 41. Manitoulin Islands, Saint-Lusson winters at, 50; Saint-Lusson takes possession for France of, 52, 153, 203. Manitoulins, the, 27. Manitoumie (Mississippi Valley), 485. Manitous, 26, 44, 68. Maps, Champlain's map (the first) of the Great Lakes, 476; Coronelli's map, 221, 484; manuscript map of Franquelin, 169, 221, 316, 317, 347, 390, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485; map of Galinée, 475; map of Lake Superior, 476; map of the Great Lakes, 476; map of Marquette, 477; maps of the Jesuits, 478; small maps of Joliet, 479, 480; Raudin's map, 481; rude map of Father Raffeix, 481; Franquelin's map of Louisiana, 482; the great map of Franquelin, 482; map of Le Sueur, 481, 485; map of Homannus, 484. Margry, birth of La Salle, 7; La Salle's connection with the Jesuits, 8; La Salle sells his seigniory, 16; La Salle's claims to the discovery of the Mississippi, 34, 35; throws much light on the life of Joliet, 58, 77; La Salle's marriage prevented by his brother, 114; La Salle at Fort Frontenac, 121; assistance given to La Salle, 127; Henri de Tonty, 128, 130, 132; La Motte at Niagara, 140; La Salle pacifies the Senecas, 142; La Salle at Niagara, 148; La Salle attached by his creditors, 150; the names of the Illinois, 167; intrigues against La Salle, 175; brings to light the letters of La Salle, 281, 296, 342; letters of Beaujeu to Seignelay and to Cabart de Villermont, 365; La Salle's disputes with Beaujeu, 366; illness of La Salle, 368; La Salle resumes his voyage, 372; La Salle lands in Texas, 379; Beaujeu makes friendly advances to La Salle, 386, 387; misery and dejection at Matagorda Bay, 393; life at Fort St. Louis, 400; the murder of Duhaut and Liotot, 449; Allouez's fear of La Salle, 459. Marle, Sieur de, 421; murders Moranget, 427; sets out for home, 451; drowned, 453. Maroas, the, 477. Marquette, Jacques, the Jesuit, at Ste. Marie du Saut, 27; voyage of, 32; discovery of the Mississippi, 33; among the Hurons and the Ottawas, 40; at the Jesuit mission of St. Esprit, 40; the mission of Michilimackinac assigned to, 41, 51; chosen to accompany Joliet in his search for the Mississippi, 59; early life of, 59; on the Upper Lakes, 59; great talents as a linguist, 59; traits of character, 59; journal of his voyage to the Mississippi, 60; especially devoted to the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception, 61; at the Green Bay Mission, 62; among the Mascoutins and Miamis, 62; on the Wisconsin River, 63; the Mississippi at last, 64; on the Mississippi, 65; map drawn by, 65; meeting with the Illinois, 66; affrighted by the Indian manitous, 68; at the mouth of the Missouri, 69; on the lower Mississippi, 71; among the Arkansas Indians, 72; determines that the Mississippi discharges into the Gulf of Mexico, 74; resolves to return to Canada, 74; illness of, 74; remains at Green Bay, 75; journal of, 75; true map of, 75; sets out to found the mission of the Immaculate Conception, 77; gives the name of "Immaculate Conception" to the Mississippi, 77; on the Chicago River, 78; return of his illness, 78; founds the mission at the village "Kaskaskia," 79; peaceful death of, 80; burial of, 81; his bones removed to St. Ignace of Michilimackinac, 81; miracle at the burial of, 81; tradition of the death of, 82; contrasted with La Salle, 83; 169, 223; route of, 276; pictured rock of, 457; maps made by, 477, 478, 480, 481. Marshall, O. H., 140, 146. Martin, 75; death of Marquette, 81. Martin, Father Felix, connection of La Salle with the Jesuits, 8. Martinique, 385, 386, 387. Mascoutins, the, location of, 43; Fathers Allouez and Dablon among, 44; joined by the Kickapoos, 62; visited by Marquette, 62; La Salle falls in with, 195. Matagorda Bay, 376, 379, 383, 391, 471. See also _St. Louis, Bay of._ Matagorda Island, 375, 379. Mather, Increase, 213. Mazarin, Cardinal, 129. Meddewakantonwan, the, 260. Medrano, Sebastian Fernandez de, 244. Membré, Father Zenobe, 150, 155, 169, 185, 191, 192, 198, 201, 204, 216; the mutineers at Fort Crèvecoeur, 217, 218; intrigues of La Salle's enemies, 220, 223, 224; the Iroquois attack on the Illinois village, 225, 227, 230, 231, 233; the Iroquois attack on the dead, 234, 238; his journal on his descent of the Mississippi with La Salle, 246; Hennepin steals passages from, 247; meeting with La Salle, 292; sets out from Fort Miami, 296; among the Arkansas Indians, 299; visits the Taensas, 301; attends La Salle during his illness, 311; joins La Salle's new enterprise, 353; on the "Joly," 372; in Texas, 388; adventure with a buffalo, 409, 417, 418; fate of, 470. Ménard, the Jesuit, attempts to plant a mission on southern shore of Lake Superior, 6. Menomonie River, the, 51. Menomonies, the, at the Jesuit mission of St. Esprit, 40; location of, 42; at Saut Ste. Marie, 51; village of, 61. "Mer Douce des Hurons" (Lake Huron), 476. "Mer du Nord," the, 480. "Messasipi" (Mississippi River), the, 480. Messier, 199, 218. "Messipi" River, the, 6. Meules, De, the Intendant of Canada, 319, 351. Mexico, 5, 6, 32, 117, 125, 126, 129, 346, 348; Spaniards in, 349; 464, 480. Mexico, Gulf of, 31, 32, 38, 48, 63, 70, 74, 84, 245, 306, 309, 311, 312, 344, 345, 358, 371, 373, 394; claimed by Spain, 468, 471, 477, 478, 479, 481, 482, 483. Mexican mines, the, 349. Miami, Fort, 162, 163; La Salle returns to, 215, 283, 284, 286, 288, 292, 294, 296, 311. Miami River, the, 32. Miamis, the, location of, 43, 44; Fathers Allouez and Dablon among, 44; receive Saint-Lusson, 50; authority and state of the chief of, 50; joined by the Kickapoos, 62; visited by Marquette, 62; join the Iroquois against the Illinois, 220; rankling jealousy between the Illinois and, 220, 223, 251, 286; village of, 288; called by La Salle to a grand council, 289; at Buffalo Rock, 314; join La Salle's colony, 316; afraid of the Iroquois, 320. Miamis, Le Fort des (Buffalo Rock), 314. Miamis River (St. Joseph), 162. Michigan, shores of, 31; forest wastes of, 153; peninsula of, 475, 476, 483, 484. Michigan, Lake, 4, 31; the Jesuits on, 37; the name of, 42, 61, 75, 77, 132; La Salle on, 155, 162, 193, 236, 309, 475, 477, 479. Michilimackinac, mission of, 41; assigned to Marquette, 41, 279, 311. Michilimackinac, Straits of, 31, 41, 42, 59, 61, 80, 110, 197, 203, 236, 288, 292. Migeon, 150. Mignan, islands of, granted to Joliet, 76. Mille Lac, 257, 265, 277. Milot, Jean, 16. Milwaukee, 159. Minet, La Salle's engineer, 373, 378, 379, 383, 387, 390. Minneapolis, city of, 267. Minong, Isle, 38. "Miskous" (Wisconsin), the, 480. Missions, early, decline in the religious exaltation of, 103. Mississaquenk, 54. Mississippi River, the, discovered by the Spaniards, 3; De Soto buried in, 3; Jean Nicollet reaches, 3; Colonel Wood reaches, 5; Captain Bolton reaches, 5; Radisson and Des Groseilliers reach, 5; the thoughts of the Jesuits dwell on, 6; speculations concerning, 6; 30, 31; Joliet makes a map of the region of, 32; 45, 46; Talon resolves to find, 56; Joliet selected to find, 56; Marquette chosen to accompany Joliet, 59; the discovery by Joliet and Marquette, 64; its outlet into the Gulf of Mexico determined by Joliet and Marquette, 74; Marquette gives the name of "Immaculate Conception" to, 77;