The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers

—— production of animals, iii. 63. ARCHYTAS, general at Tarentum, 369. letter to Plato and reply, iv. 369. mathematician, vii. 370. ARISTIPPUS, a favourite of Dionysius, iii. 81. opinions of, on pain and pleasure, 90. retorts, iv. 82. school of philosophy, viii. 89. sycophancy, iv. 82. teaches for money, ii. 81. wealth, iv. 82. writings, vi. 88. ARISTON, the bald, called SIREN, i. 318. an eloquent philosopher, vi. 319. his writings, vii. 319. ARISTOTLE, apophthegms, xi. 187. death from poison, vii. 182. hymn to Hermias, 183. leaves Plato, iv. 181. lived in Philip’s court, vi. 182. opinions, criterion of truth, 192. —— friendship, 192. —— God, 193. —— philosophy, 191. Plato’s most eminent pupil, ii. 181. peripatetic, why so called, iv. 181. scheme for early waking, x. 186. school at Athens, vii. 182. will of, ix. 185. writings, many, xii. 189. BIAS, the wise, 38. declines the tripod, i. 38. death of, in court, iv. 39. eloquent and just as a lawyer, iii. 39. a poet, v. 39. sayings of, v. 39. stratagem to save Priene, his native city, ii. 39. BION, apophthegms of, iii. 172. change of schools, iv. 173. fear of death, x. 175. fond of theatre, v. 174. poverty of, i. 171. selfishness of, ix. 174. CARNEADES, his letters, viii. 178. well read in Stoic lore, ii. 177. industry of, iii. 178. his fear of death, vii. 178. CEBES, the Theban, 105. CHARONDAS, account of, _note_, 345. CHILO, the wise one of, 32. brief in speech, v. 34. death of, through joy, v. 34. letter to Periander, v. 34. opinion as to Cythera, iv. 33. saying about suretyship, v. 34. sayings of, ii. 33. CHRYSIPPUS, his abilities, ii. 327. his books, xii. 331. his industry, iii. 328. his questions, xi. 330. a pupil of Cleanthes, i. 327. his self-esteem, iv. 329. said to be an indecent writer, xii. 331. CLEANTHES, a boxer, 322. books of, ii. 325. called an ass, iv. 323. poor and industrious, ii. 322. slow of intellect, iii. 323. starved himself, vii. 326. wrote on oyster shells, &c. for want of paper, iv. 323. CLEOBULUS, one of the wise men, 41. apophthegms of, iv. 42. letter to Solon, vi. 43. CLITOMACHUS, disciple and successor of Carneades, 179. CRANTOR, a poet, vi. 162. a pupil of Polemo, iii. 161. retires to temple of Æsculapius, iv. 161. CRATES, a pupil of Polemo, 160. lived with Crantor, iii. 160. writings of, and disciples, iv. 161. CRATES, a Theban cynic, 249. his disposal of property, iv. 250. his jesting with death, x. 252. his indifference to public opinion, viii. 252. his sayings, ix. 282. CRITO, the Athenian, 103. Cynics, doctrines of, iii. 257. discard liberal studies, 257. prefer ethics to logic, 257. simplicity in living, 258. virtue, the chief good, 258. —— may be taught, 258. Cyrenaics, a sect of the school of Aristippus, viii. 89. DEMETRIUS, governor of Athens, ii. 209. honoured and envied, viii. 209. his reported blindness and restoration of sight, vii. 209. statues erected to him, ii. 209. sayings of, x. 211. writings of, ix. 210. DEMOCRITUS, pupil of the magi, 390. death, xi. 390. disregard of glory, v. 391. —— of wealth, vii. 392. doctrines of, xii. 394. lowly life, vii. 392. Plato’s dislike of him, viii. 393. sagacity, stories of, x. 394. writings of, xiii. 395. Dialectics, the Stoics’ doctrine of, xxxv. 275. DIOGENES, accounts of his death, xi. 246. anecdotes of him, vi. 228. cynical sayings, 226. lived in a cask, 225. money changer, 224. —— corrupted by him, i. 224. neglect of music, vii. 245. persuader, a skilful, x. 245. poverty of, reconciled to, iii. 224. pride and haughtiness of, iv. 225. pupil of Antisthenes, ii. 224. sold as a slave, ix. 245. writings of, xii. 247. DIOGENES of Apollonia, 400. his chief doctrines, ii. 400. DIONYSIUS, a pupil of Zeno, 321. writings of, v. 321. Druids, account of, _note_ 3. Egyptian philosophy, vii. 9. EMPEDOCLES, accused of pride, xi. 366. doctrines of, xii. 368. inventor of rhetoric, iii. 361. liberality of, ix. 363. pacifies the Agrigentines, xi. 366. political career, ix. 363. retires to Peloponnesus, x. 364. story of his wonder working, xi. 365. why called, wind-forbidder, v. 362. EPICHARMUS, inscription on his statue, 368. EPICURUS, an Athenian, 424. his character, v. 427. criteria of truth, 435. said to be debauched, iii. 426. rejected dialectics, 435. Diotimus, a Stoic, opposes him, iii. 425. doctrines, his, on affections, 447. —— atoms, 439. —— clouds, thunder, &c. 460. —— comets, 464. —— faults among men, 467. —— forms and attributes, 449. —— grief, 467. —— heaven’s phenomena, 452, 458. —— injuries among men, 466. —— meteorological, 461. —— opinion and supposition, 436. —— passions, pleasure, and pain, 436. —— pleasure, 471, 473. —— production of things, 441. —— self-production, 451. —— stars, 464. —— study of philosophy, 468. —— universe, 439. flattered Mithras, iii. 425. fundamental maxims of, xxxi. 474. letter of, to Herodotus, xxiv. 436. —— Menœceus, xxvii. 468. —— Pythocles, xxv. 455. manner of his death, ix. 429. plain language, his, viii. 428. pupils, his, xi. 431. virtue, why to be chosen, xxx. 473. voluminous writings, xvii. 483. will, his last, x. 429. writings on natural philosophy, iv. 426. youthful student, a, ix. 429. EPIMENIDES, one of the wise men, 50. built a temple at Athens, vi. 52. honoured as a deity, xi. 53. letter to Solon, ix. 52. long life, his, story of, iv. 51. long sleep, his, story of, ii. 50. poems, and other writings, v. 51. stays the plague at Athens, iii. 51. Ethical philosophy, what, xiii. 12. subdivisions, xiii. 12. EUCLIDES, his followers, iv. 97. opinions, ii. 97. protector of Socrates, i. 97. EUDOXUS, astronomer, geometrician, and lawgiver, 373. inventor of theory of crooked lines, vi. 374. writings of, iii. 373. Fate, Stoics’ view of, lxxiv. 318. Gymnosophistæ, what and who, i. 3. GOD, Stoics’ view of, lxxii. 312. Hegesiaci, a sect of the school of Aristippus, their opinions, ix. 91. HERACLIDES, a Peripatetic, Pythagorean, and Platonist, by turns, ii. 213. remarkable attempt to deceive at his death, ii. 215. surnamed Pompicus from his dress and size, iii. 213. writings of, iv. 213. HERACLITUS, book on nature, v. 377. epigrams on him, xii. 381. esteemed by Darius Hystaspes, letters between them, ix. 380. lofty and arrogant, 376. misanthropic, iii. 376. HIPPARCHIA, a female philosopher, in love with Crates the Cynic, 254. Her contest with Theodorus, iii. 255. HIPPASUS, a disciple of Pythagoras, 371. Ionian school of philosophy, x. 10. Italian school of philosophy, x. 10. “Know thyself,” the apophthegm, xiii. 21. LACYDES, founder of the New Academy, i. 176. his death from excess, vi. 177. his industry, ii. 176. LEUCIPPUS, his chief doctrines, ii. 388. pupil of Zeno the Eleatic, 388. LYCON, an eloquent instructor of youth, i. 205. delicacy in dress, iii. 206. favourite of Eumenes and Attalus, iv. 206. his will, ix. 206. Magi, what and who, _note_, 3. MELISSUS, his doctrine of universe, 386. MENEDEMUS, his banquets, xv. 110. his character, vi. 107. his death, xviii. 112. despised Plato, &c., xi. 109. disciple of Phædo, 105. endangered by his free speech, iv. 107. friend of Antigonus, xvii. 111. invention and readiness, xii. 109. regardlessness of appearances, v. 107. severe and rigid, iii. 106. sent to Megara, but deserts, ii. 105. thought highly of by his countrymen, xvi. 111. MENEDEMUS, a superstitious Cynic, 267. MENIPPUS, a Cynic, 253. hangs himself, iii. 256. writer of low ridicule, ii. 256. writings, vi. 256. METROCLES, pupil of Crates the Cynic, 253. destroys himself, 254. Mind, Stoics, doctrine of, lxxiii. 299. MONIMUS, feigned madness, i. 248. a pupil of Diogenes, 248. MYSON, one of the wise men, 49. Natural philosophy, what so called, xiii. 11. Stoics’ account of, lxvii. 307. ORPHEUS, not a philosopher, iv. 7. ONESICRITUS, a pupil of Diogenes, 249. PARMENIDES, first to speak of the earth as a sphere, ii. 384. philosophized in poems, iii. 385. PERIANDER, one of the wise men, his domestic crimes, 43. his letter to Procles, viii. 46. —— to the wise men, vii. 45. —— from Thrasybulus, ix. 46. sayings of, v. 45. wish to conceal his grave, iii. 44. PHÆDO, founder of the Eliac school, 96. PHERECYDES, one of the wise men, 53. epigrams on, vii. 55. first writer on natural philosophy, ii. 54. grave of, at Ephesus, iv. 54. letter to Thales, viii. 56. makes a sun-dial, vi. 55. PHILOLAUS, a pupil of Pythagoras, 372. aims at regal power, ii. 372. book, his one, iv. 372. first to describe the earth’s movement in a circle, iii. 372. Philosophers, names of their sects, xii. 11. who did not write, xi. 11. Philosophy, arose among Greeks, iii. 6. divisions of, xiii. 11. earliest study of, i. 3. two schools of, x. 10. various kinds of, xi. 11. PISISTRATUS, his letter to Solon, vi. 20. PITTACUS, one of the wise men, 35. advice about marrying, viii. 37. death of, vi. 36. forbearance of, iii. 35. a general and soldier, i. 35. honoured by his country, ii. 35. lameness of, ix. 38. letter to Crœsus, x. 38. a poet, v. 36. sayings of, iv. 36. PLATO, academy, his, ix. 115. account of his opinions, by Alcimus, 117. aided by Epicharmus, a comic poet, xii. 116. attachments, xxiii. 123. —— to writings of Sophron, 119. birth and early abode, ii. 113. danger from Dionysius, xv. 120. defends Chabrias, xviii. 121. descent of, i. 113. dialogues of, xxxv. 133. disciples of, xxxi. 129. disliked Aristippus, 126. disliked by Xenophon, xxiv. 125. education, his, v. 114. epigrams on his tomb, 128. epistles, his, xxxvi. 134. marks in his books, xxxix. 136. method of his argument, xxxii. 129. opinions on arts, beauty, 144. beneficence, 146. contraries, 149. discourse, 143. entities divisible and undivisible, 150. —— independent and relative, 150. end of affairs, 146. friendships, 141. God and matter, 137. good and evil, 140. good counsel, 150. good laws and lawlessness, 148. the good, 148. good things, 149. happiness, 147. justice, 142. knowledge, 142. law, 143. medical science, 143. music, 143. noble birth, 144. philanthropy, 147. political constitutions, 141. power, 147. rhetoric, 145. rule, 145. the soul, 144. things existing, 148. virtue perfect, 144. voice, 150. opinions on his writings, xxv. 126. refuses appointments from Arcadia and Thebes, xvii. 121. ridiculed, xxii. 121. Socrates’ dream of him, vii. 114. system, his, made difficult on purpose, xxxviii. 135.