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The plant-lore & garden-craft of Shakespeare

Henry Nicholson Ellacombe

_Promptorium._ Pomegarnet, frute; _Pomum granatum_, _vel malum granatum_. _Catholicon._ A Pomgarnett; _Malogranatum_, _Malumpunicum_. _Turner._ Pomgranat tree. _Gerard._ The Pomegranat tree. _Cotgrave._ Grenarde; _a Pomegranet_. POPPY. _Promptorium._ Popy, weed; _Papaver_, _Codia_. _Turner._ Poppy. _Gerard._ Poppy. _Cotgrave._ Pavot; _Poppie_, _Cheesbowls_. POTATO. _Gerard._ Potatus, or Potato's. PRIMROSE. _Promptorium._ Prymerose; _Primula_, _calendula_, _liqustrum_. _Catholicon._ A Prymerose; _primarosa_, _primula veris_. _Turner._ Primrose. _Gerard._ Primrose. _Cotgrave._ Primevere; _The Primrose_. PUMPION. _Gerard._ Melons, or Pumpions. _Cotgrave._ Pompon; _A Pompion or Melon_. QUINCE. _Promptorium._ Quence, frute; _Coctonum_, _Scitonum_. _Turner._ Quince tree. _Gerard._ The Quince tree. _Cotgrave._ Coignier; _A Quince tree_. RADISH. _Catholicon._ Radcolle; _Raphanus, herba est_. _Turner._ Radice or Radishe. _Gerard._ Radish. _Cotgrave._ Radis; _A Raddish root_. RAISIN. _Promptorium._ Reysone, or reysynge, frute; _Uva passa_, _carica_. _Catholicon._ A Rasyn; _passa_, _racemus_. _Turner._ Rasin. _Gerard._ Raisins. _Cotgrave._ Raisin; _A Grape, also a Raisin_. REEDS. _Promptorium._ Reed, of the fenne; _Arundo_, _canna_. _Catholicon._ A Rede; _Arundo_, _canna_, _canula_. _Turner._ Reed. _Gerard._ Reeds. _Cotgrave._ Roseau; _A Reed_, _a Cane_. RHUBARB. _Gerard._ Rubarb. _Cotgrave._ Reubarbe; _The root called Rewbarb, or Rewbarb of the Levant_. RICE. _Promptorium._ Ryce, frute; _Risia, vel risi_. _Catholicon._ Ryse; _risi judeclinabile_. _Turner._ Ryse. _Gerard._ Rice. _Cotgrave._ Ris; _The graine called Rice_. ROSE. _Promptorium._ Rose, floure; _Rosa_. _Catholicon._ A Rose; _rosa-sula_, _rosella_. _Turner._ Rose. _Gerard._ Roses. _Cotgrave._ Rose; _A Rose_. ROSEMARY. _Promptorium._ Rose Mary, herbe; _Ros marinus_, _rosa marina_. _Catholicon._ Rosemary; _Dendrolibanum, herba est_. _Turner._ Rosemary. _Gerard._ Rosemary. _Cotgrave._ Rosmarin; _Rosemarie_. RUE. _Promptorium._ Ruwe, herbe; _Ruta_. _Catholicon._ Rewe; _ruta, herba est_. _Turner._ Rue. _Gerard._ Rue or Herb Grace. _Cotgrave._ Rue; _Rue_, _Hearbe Grace_. RUSH. _Promptorium._ Rysche, or rusche; _Cirpus_, _juncus_. _Catholicon._ A Rysche; _ubi_ a Sefe (a Seyfe, _juncus_, _biblus_, _cirpus_). _Gerard._ Rushes. _Cotgrave._ Jonc; _A rush, or bulrush_. RYE. _Promptorium._ Rye, corn; _Siligo_. _Catholicon._ Ry; _Sagalum_. _Turner._ Rye. _Gerard._ Rie. _Cotgrave._ Seigle; _Rye_. SAFFRON. _Promptorium._ Safrun; _Crocum_. _Catholicon._ Saferon; _Crocus_, _crocum_. _Turner._ Safforne, Saffron. _Gerard._ Saffron. _Cotgrave._ Saffron; _Saffron_. SAMPHIRE. _Turner._ Sampere. _Gerard._ Sampier. _Cotgrave._ Creste marine; _Sampier_, _Sea Fennell_, _Crestmarine_. SAVORY. _Promptorium._ Saverey, herbe; _Satureia_. _Catholicon._ Saferay; _Satureia, herba est_. _Turner._ Saueray or Sauery. _Gerard._ Savorie. SEDGE. _Promptorium._ Segge, of fenne, or wyld gladon; _Acorus_. _Catholicon._ A Segg; _Carex_. _Turner._ Sege or Sheregres. _Cotgrave._ Glayeul bastard; _Sedge_, _wild flags_, _&c._ SENNA. _Turner._ Sene. _Gerard._ Sene. _Cotgrave._ Senné; _The purging plant Sene_. SPEARGRASS. STOVER. STRAWBERRY. _Promptorium._ Strawbery; _Fragum_. _Catholicon._ A Strabery; _Fragum_. _Turner._ Strawbery. _Gerard._ Straw-berries. _Cotgrave._ Fraise; _A strawberrie_. SYCAMORE. _Promptorium._ Sycomoure, tree; _Sicomorus_, _celsa_. _Gerard._ The Sycomore tree. _Cotgrave._ Sycomore; _The Sycomore_. THISTLES. _Promptorium._ Thystylle; _Cardo_, _Carduus_. _Catholicon._ A Thystelle; _Cardo_. _Turner._ Thistle. _Gerard._ Thistles. _Cotgrave._ Chardon; _A Thistle_. THORN. _Promptorium._ Thorne; _Spina_, _sentis_, _sentix_. _Catholicon._ A Thorne; _Spina_, _spinula_, _sentis_. _Turner._ Whyte Thorne. _Gerard._ White Thorne. _Cotgrave._ Espine; _A thorne_. THYME. _Promptorium._ Tyme, herbe; _Tima_, _timum_. _Catholicon._ Tyme; _timum_, _epitimum_. _Turner._ Wild Thyme. _Gerard._ Wilde Time. _Cotgrave._ Thym; _The hearbe Time_. TOADSTOOLS. _Catholicon._ A Paddockstole; _boletus_, _fungus_, _tuber_, _&c._ _Gerard._ Toadstooles. _Cotgrave._ Champignon; _A Mushrum_, _Toadstoole_, _Paddockstoole_. TURNIPS. _Turner._ Rape or Turnepe. _Gerard._ Turneps. _Cotgrave._ Naveau blanc de Jardin; _Th' ordinarie Rape, or Turneps_. VETCHES. _Promptorium._ Fetche, corne, or tare; _Vicia_. _Turner._ Fyche. _Gerard._ The Vetch or Fetch. _Cotgrave._ Vesce; _The pulse called Fitch, or Vetch_. VINES. _Promptorium._ Vyny or Vyne; _Vitis_. _Catholicon._ A Vyne tree; _argitis_, _propago_, _vitis_. _Turner._ Wild Vine. _Gerard._ The manured Vine. _Cotgrave._ Vigne; _A Vine_, _the plant that beareth Grapes_. VIOLET. _Promptorium._ Vyalett, or vyolet, herbe; _Viola_. _Catholicon._ A Violett; _Viola_. _Turner._ Violet. _Gerard._ Violets. _Cotgrave._ Violette; _A Violet_. WALNUT. _Promptorium._ Walnote; _Avelana_. _Catholicon._ A Walnotte; _Avellanus_, _Avellanum_. _Turner._ Walnut tree. _Gerard._ The Wall-nut tree. _Cotgrave._ Noix; _A Wallnut_. WARDEN. _Promptorium._ Wardone, peere; _Volemum_. _Catholicon._ A Wardon; _Volemum_, _crustunum_. _Cotgrave._ Poure de garde; _A Warden, or Winter Peare_. WHEAT. _Promptorium._ Whete, Corne; _Triticum_, _frumentum_. _Catholicon._ Whete; _Ceres_, _frumentum_, _triticum_. _Turner._ Wheate. _Gerard._ Wheate. _Cotgrave._ Froment; _Wheat_. WILLOW. _Promptorium._ Wylowe, tree; _Salix_. _Catholicon._ A Wylght; _Salix_. _Turner._ Wylow tree. _Gerard._ The Willow tree. _Cotgrave._ Saule; _A Sallow, Willow, or Withie tree_. WOODBINE. _Promptorium._ Woode Bynde; _Caprifolium_, _vicicella_. _Catholicon._ Wodde bynde; _terebinthus_. _Turner._ Wodbynde. _Gerard._ Wood-bind or Honeysuckle. _Cotgrave._ Chevre-fueille; _The wood-bind or honie-suckle_. WORMWOOD. _Promptorium._ Wyrmwode, herbe; _Absinthum_. _Catholicon._ Wormede; _absinthum_. _Turner._ Mugwort, Wormwod. _Gerard._ Wormewood. _Cotgrave._ Absynthe; _Wormewood_. YEW. _Promptorium._ V tree; _Taxus_. _Catholicon._ An Eu tre; _taxus_. _Turner._ Yewtree. _Gerard._ The Yew tree. _Cotgrave._ If; _An Yew or Yew tree_. FOOTNOTES: [393:1] Where any of these five are omitted, that author does not name the plant. In many cases the same plant is given under different names; but I have not thought it necessary to quote more than one. In the quotations from Turner the preference is given to the "Names of Herbes," where the plant is mentioned in both works. _INDEXES._ INDEX OF PLAYS, _SHOWING HOW THE PLANTS ARE DISTRIBUTED THROUGH THE DIFFERENT PLAYS_ COMEDIES. _Tempest_-- Act I., sc. 1. Furze, Heath, Ling, Nut. sc. 2. Acorn, Ivy, Oak, Pine, Reed. Act II., sc. 1. Apple, Corn, Docks, Grass, Wallows, Nettle. sc. 2. Crab, Filbert, Pignuts. Act IV., sc. 1. Barley, Barnacles, Brier, Broom, Furze, Gorse, Grass, Lime, Oats, Peas, Piony, Rye, Saffron, Sedge, Stover, Thorns, Vetches, Wheat. Act V., sc. 1. Cedar, Cowslips, Lime, Mushrooms, Oak, Pine, Reed. _Two Gentlemen of Verona_-- Act I., sc. 2. Ginger. Act II., sc. 3. Lily. sc. 7. Sedge. Act IV., sc. 4. Lily, rose. _Merry Wives_-- Act I., sc. 1. Cabbage, Prunes. sc. 2. Pippins. sc. 3. Figs. Act II., sc. 3. Elder. Act III., sc. 1. Roses. sc. 3. Hawthorn, Pumpion. sc. 4. Turnips. sc. 5. Pepper. Act IV., sc. 1. Carrot. sc. 2. Walnut. sc. 4. Oak. sc. 5. Pear. sc. 6. Oak. Act V., sc. 1. Oak. sc. 3. Oak. sc. 5. Balm, Bilberry, Eringoes, Flax, Oak, Plums, Potatoes. _Twelfth Night_-- Act I., sc. 1. Violets. sc. 3. Flax. sc. 5. Apple, Codling, Olive, Peascod, Squash, Willow. Act II., sc. 3. Ginger. sc. 4. Roses. sc. 5. Box, Nettle, Yew. Act III., sc. 1. Roses. Act IV., sc. 2. Ebony, Pepper. Act V., sc. 1. Apple. _Measure for Measure_-- Act I., sc. 3. Birch. Act II., sc. 1. Prunes, Grapes. sc. 2. Myrtle, Oak, Violet. sc. 3. Ginger. Act III., sc. 2. Garlick. Act IV., sc. 1. Corn. sc. 3. Burs, Medlar, Peach. _Much Ado About Nothing_-- Dramatis Personæ. Dogberry. Act I., sc. 3. Rose. Act II., sc. 1. Oak, Orange, Sedge, Willow. Act III., sc. 1. Honeysuckle, Woodbine. sc. 4. Carduus Benedictus, Holy Thistle. _Midsummer Night's Dream_-- Act I., sc. 1. Grass, Hawthorn, Musk Roses, Primrose, Rose, Wheat. sc. 2. Orange. Act II., sc. 1. Acorn, Beans, Brier, Corn, Cowslip, Crab, Eglantine, Love-in-idleness, Musk Rose, Oxlip, Thyme, Violet, Woodbine. Act III., sc. 1. Acorn, Apricot, Brier, Dewberries, Figs, Grapes, Hawthorn, Hemp, Knot-grass, Lily, Mulberries, Orange, Rose, Thorns. sc. 2. Acorn, Brier, Burs, Cherry, Thorns. Act IV., sc. 1. Elm, Honeysuckle, Ivy, Nuts, Oats, Peas, Thistle, Woodbine. sc. 2. Garlick, Onions. Act V., sc. 1. Brier, Broom, Cowslip, Leek, Lily, Thorns. _Love's Labour's Lost_-- Act I., sc. 1. Corn, Ebony, Rose. Act III., sc. 1. Plantain. Act IV., sc. 2. Crab, Oak, Osier, Pomewater. sc. 3. Cedar, Cockle, Corn, Rose, Thorns. Act V., sc. 1. Ginger. sc. 2. Columbine, Cloves, Crabs, Cuckoo-buds, Daisies, Grass, Lady-smocks, Lemon, Lily, Mint, Nutmeg, Oats, Peas, Rose, Sugar, Sycamore, Violets, Wormwood. _Merchant of Venice_-- Act I., sc. 1. Grass, Wheat. sc. 3. Apple. Act III., sc. 1. Ginger, Sugar. sc. 4. Reed. Act IV., sc. 1. Pine. Act V., sc. 1. Willow. _As You Like It_-- Act I., sc. 2. Mustard. sc. 3. Briers, Burs. Act II., sc. 1. Oak. sc. 4. Peascod. sc. 7. Holly. Act III., sc. 2. Brambles, Cork, Hawthorn, Medlar, Nut, Rose, Rush. sc. 3. Sugar. sc. 4. Chestnut, Nut. sc. 5. Rush. Act IV., sc. 3. Moss, Oak, Osier. Act V., sc. 1. Grape. sc. 3. Rye. _All's Well that Ends Well_-- Act I., sc. 1. Date, Pear. sc. 3. Rose. Act II., sc. 1. Grapes. sc. 2. Rush. sc. 3. Pomegranate. sc. 5. Nut. Act IV., sc. 2. Roses. sc. 4. Briers. sc. 5. Grass, Marjoram, Herb of Grace, Saffron. Act V., sc. 3. Onion. _Taming of the Shrew_-- Induction. Onions, Rose, Sedge.