Memoirs of the Duchesse de Dino (Afterwards Duchesse de Talleyrand et de Sagan), 1836-1840
several years, and did not return to Austria until 1840. He then
became Minister of State, and for a short time Minister of
Foreign Affairs in 1848. His only daughter had married Prince
Edmond Clary.
FITZ-JAMES, Jacques, Duc de (1799-1846). He married, in 1825,
Mlle. de Marmier.
FLAHAUT, the General, Comte de* (1785-1870). Peer of France under
Louis-Philippe, senator and Ambassador under Napoleon III.
FLAHAUT, the Comtesse de,* died in 1867. Daughter of the English
admiral, Lord Keith.
FLAHAUT, Clémentine de (1819-1835). Daughter of the Comte and
Comtesse de Flahaut.
FONTANES, Louis de (1757-1821). A poet and graceful orator and a
great favourite of Napoleon I. A member of the legislative body
in 1804, he became president in 1805. In 1808 the Emperor
appointed him High Master of the University; in 1810 he was
called to the Senate and afterwards supported the Restoration.
FOULD, Bénédict (1791-1858). Son of a Jewish banker who had
founded the important firm of Fould, Oppenheim & Co. He was
deputy from 1834 to 1842 and Knight of the Legion of Honour from
1843.
FOULQUES III., Nerra or the Black (987-1039). Count of Anjou. He
made war upon Conan, first Duke of Brittany, whom he defeated
and killed, and upon Eudes II., Count of Blois, by whom he was
defeated. Foulques made three pilgrimages to the Holy Land in
expiation of his violent life. His niece Constance married King
Robert.
FOY, Comte Fernand (1815-1871). Son of General Foy; he was
appointed Peer of France by King Louis Philippe, and though
constantly loyal to the constitutional monarchy, he showed a
strong leaning to liberalism. He was devoted to charitable works
from an early age.
FRANÇOIS I.* (1494-1547). King of France and adversary of Charles
V.
FREDERICK II., known as the Great* (1712-1786). King of Prussia
and founder of the Prussian military power.
FREDERICK VII. (1808-1863). King of Denmark. He was the only son
of Prince Christian of Denmark and of his first wife, Princess
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Twice divorced, he was exiled
for some years to Jutland and did not ascend the throne until
1848.
FREDERICK WILLIAM, known as the Great Elector of Brandenburg
(1620-1688). He ascended the throne in 1640 and organised the
Prussian Army.
FREDERICK WILLIAM III. (1770-1840). King of Prussia. He succeeded
his father Frederick William II. in 1797. He had married a
Princess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, known as Queen Louise. She
died in 1810 and in 1824 he contracted a morganatic marriage
with the Countess Augusta of Harrach, to whom he gave the title
of Princess of Liegnitz.
FREDERICK WILLIAM IV. (1795-1861). King of Prussia. He ascended
the throne in 1840 on the death of his father. He had married in
1823 Princess Elizabeth of Bavaria by whom he had no children.
FRIAS, Duke of* (1783-1851). Spanish ambassador, statesman and man
of letters.
FRONSAC, Duc de. Died in 1791. Son of Marshal Richelieu whom he
only survived three years.
G
GAGE, Sir William Hall (1777-1865). An English Admiral who took
an active part in the operations against Napoleon I. He was
appointed Lord of the Admiralty in 1841. In 1860 he received
the Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath.
GARIBALDI, Mgr. Antoine (1797-1853). Archbishop of Myra in 1844;
Nuncio at Paris in 1850 in succession to Cardinal Tonari, he was
himself succeeded by Mgr. Sacconi.
GARNIER-PAGÈS (1801-1841). At first a lawyer, he shared in the
Revolution of 1830 and became one of the leaders of the
Republican party. He was then prosecuted several times after the
insurrection of 1832 and acquired great popularity.
GENLIS, Mme. de (1746-1830). Félicité Ducrest de Saint Aubin
married the Comte de Genlis at the age of fifteen. Her aunt,
Mme. de Montesson, introduced her to the household of the Duc
d'Orléans who soon selected her as the governess of his
children. Mme. de Genlis became an exile in 1792, returned to
France after the 18th of Brumaire and became the correspondent
of Napoleon I., whom she provided with information about the
customs and etiquette of the old Court. She lived in retirement
after 1814. She was the author of a large number of works, of
which her books on education are the most remarkable.
GÉRARD, François Pascal Simon (1770-1837). Famous French painter
who studied under David at the same time as Drouais, Girodet and
Gros. He devoted himself to portrait painting in which he showed
remarkable talent. He was made Baron by Louis XVIII.
GÉRARD, Etienne Maurice, Comte* (1773-1852). Marshal of France.
GERSDORFF, Baron Ernest Christian Augustus of (1781-1852). He took
part in the Congress of Vienna as the representative of Saxony.
He was Minister at London and at the Hague, and resigned in
1848. He had married a Countess of Freudenstein.
GERSDORFF, Baron Adolphus of (1800-1855). Officer in the Prussian
Army. He resigned and married Fräulein Marianne von Schindel. In
1827 he became land agent of Princess Pauline of Hohenzollern
and of her sister the Duchess of Acerenza.
GIRARDIN, the Comte Emile de (1806-1881). A son of General
Alexandre de Girardin and husband of Delphine Gay. He was a
famous publicist and the founder of halfpenny newspapers. He was
a deputy from 1877 to 1881. When his wife died in 1855 he
married the widow of Prince Frederick of Nassau, from whom he
was judicially separated in 1872.
GIRAUD, Augustin (1796-1875). A landowner at Angers where he was
mayor under Louis-Philippe. As a member of the Legislative
Assembly of 1849, he belonged to the Left. He was a Knight of
the Legion of Honour.
GIROLET, the Abbé* (1765-1836). A Benedictine of the congregation
of Saint-Maur and an intimate friend of the Talleyrand family.
GIVRÉ, Baron de (1794-1854). He entered the diplomatic career at
an early age and was attached to the Embassies of London and
Rome; when the Polignac ministry came to power he resigned and
became a contributor to the _Journal des Débats_. In 1837 he was
appointed deputy and voted with the Orléanist majority.
GLOUCESTER, Duchess of* (1776-1857). Fourth daughter of King
George III. of England.
GÖCKING, Herr Leopold von (1748-1828). Prussian poet and State
Councillor who elaborated several projects for customs reform.
GOETHE, Wolfgang (1749-1832). The most famous German poet, author
of Faust, Werther, &c. He was a Councillor and then a Minister
of State under the Grand Duke Charles Augustus of Weimar.
GONTAUT-BIRON, Duchesse de* (1773-1858). Governess of the Children
of France whom she followed into exile in 1830.
GONTAUT-BIRON, Vicomte Elie de (1817-1890). Elected as a Deputy to
the National Assembly in 1871, he was Ambassador of the Republic
at Berlin. He restored the relations that had been broken by the
war and remained for six years in this difficult post.
GOUIN, Alexandre Henri (1792-1872). Studied at the Polytechnic
School, became a deputy in 1831, and was asked to take the
portfolio of Agriculture and Commerce in 1840 under the Thiers
Ministry.
GOURGAUD, General (1783-1852). He entered the service in 1801,
distinguished himself at Austerlitz where he was wounded, at
Jena, at Friedland, at Essling, and above all at Wagram. He took
a glorious part in the Russian and French campaigns; he
accompanied the Emperor to St. Helena, but misunderstandings
with one of his companions in exile forced him to separate from
them. In 1818 he published a book called "The Campaign of 1815,"
and in consequence his name was struck off the army list of
Louis XVIII., but he returned to the service under
Louis-Philippe, who appointed him general of division and chose
him as his aide-de-camp. In 1840 he accompanied the Prince de
Joinville to St. Helena, brought back with him the ashes of
Napoleon and was then raised to the Peerage.
GRAMONT, Madame de. Aunt of the Duc de Gramont of the branch of
Aster, a member of the fraternity of the Sacré Cœur, and Mother
Superior of the Paris house.
GRANVILLE, Lord* (1775-1846). English diplomatist. For a long time
Ambassador at Paris.
GRANVILLE, Lady.* Died in 1862. She was a daughter of the Duke of
Devonshire.
GRANVILLE, Lady Charlotte Georgina. Died in 1855. Second daughter
of Lord Granville. She married Alexander George Fullerton in
1833. Throughout her life she was very intimate with the
Marquise de Castellane. Her novels brought her some literary
fame.
GREGORY VII., Hildebrand (1015-1085). Elected Pope in 1073, he was
one of the greatest Roman pontiffs, and has been ever famous for
his struggles with the Emperor of Germany.
GREY, Lord* (1764-1845). English statesman.
GREY, Lady* (1775-1861). _Née_ Ponsonby.
GRISI, Giulia* (1812-1869). An Italian singer of great talent and
beauty.
GRIVEL, the Abbé Louis Jean Joseph (1800-1866). From 1825 he was a
preacher at Paris. In 1829 he was commissioned by the court to
deliver the panegyric upon Saint Louis before the French
Academy. He became almoner to the Chamber of Peers in 1834, and
was appointed Canon of Saint Denis three years later.
GROS, Antoine Jean (1771-1835). Famous historical painter. His
father was a miniature painter and his first master. He then
entered the studio of David. Forced to enter the army he
acquired a special talent for battle pictures in the course of
the military operations. From Charles X. he afterwards received
the title of baron.
GUERNON-RANVILLE, Comte de (1787-1866). French magistrate and
statesman. In 1820 he was President of the Civil Court of
Bayeux, where he was distinguished for his zeal and capacity. In
1829 the Prince de Polignac requested him to take the portfolio
of education and public worship in his ministry. In the Council
of Ministers he declared against the ordinances of July 1830,
but signed them none the less. When tried with his colleagues by
the Chamber of Peers, he was condemned to disfranchisement and
perpetual confinement. The amnesty of 1836 restored him to
liberty.
GUICHE, the Duc de (1819-1880). Known later under the name of the
Duc de Gramont. He was a diplomatist and French Ambassador at
Turin, Rome, and Vienna, and was Minister of Foreign Affairs
when war with Prussia was declared in 1870. In 1848 he had
married an English woman, daughter of a Member of Parliament.
WILLIAM I. (1772-1843). King of the Low Countries. Son of the
Stathouder William V. of Nassau. Under his reign Belgium was
separated from his throne after the revolution of 1830, and
became an independent state. He had married Princess Frederica
of Prussia, after her death he contracted a morganatic marriage
with a Belgian, the Comtesse d'Oultremont. He abdicated in 1840.
GUIZOT, François Pierre Guillaume* (1787-1874). French statesman
and historian.
H
HAINGUERLOT, M. Died in 1842. He had married Mlle. Stéphanie
Oudinot, daughter of Marshal Oudinot, Duc de Reggio.
HAMILTON, John Church (1792-1882). Son of Major-General Hamilton,
a friend of M. de Talleyrand. For a long time he was the
aide-de-camp of Major-General Hamilton, who afterwards became
President of the United States. Hamilton then became a lawyer
and devoted his life to the perpetuation of his father's memory,